"Okokuqala Lady of Europe." Ngubani ongangabaza ukuthi kuphela angafuna isihloko esihlonishwayo - ubukhosi bakhe u-Elizabeth wesibili. Muva nje, indlovukazi yaseGreat Britain yagubha "ukujwayela" kwedayimane "- iminyaka engama-60 kusukela ngosuku lokukhomba kwakhe. Phakathi kokufuna ukwazi okudume kakhulu futhi okuthokozisayo 'kwezinto' ezivela "emnothweni" wejubili levevening kuyiqoqo elicebile lamagugu ajabulelayo u-Elizabeth. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngayo, kungenzeka ngosizo lwe-blogger edumile yaseRussia ye-Archian Graphics ka-Irina Levina, kuyo yonke iminyaka eminingi iqoqa imininingwane ngale misebenzi eyingqayizivele yobuciko ubucwebe.
EYurophu yanamuhla, imihlangano ehlaba umxhwele yamagugu ivela emindenini yasebukhosini eHolland, Sweden ... I-Elisabetic English Collection manje isimangalisa kakhulu futhi ibiza kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokwengxenye enkulu, lokhu akukhona nakuwona amagugu wobukhosi bakhe: Iningi lokuziphatha okubi kakhulu lingezikhwama zeRoyal Diamond Fund. Isisekelo esinjalo, esihamba ngefa, kuphela esivela kwiNdlovukazi eyodwa kwesinye, silandela esihlalweni sobukhosi, sadala indlovukazi yaseVictoria ngesikhathi sako, ukuze amagugu athi "afafazwe" ezihlotsheni eziningi zomndeni "Main Windsor".
Kuyacaca ukuthi umhlobiso obaluleke kakhulu wanoma yimuphi uhulumeni umqhele. Emcimbini we-coronation, owayephethe eminyakeni engama-60 eyedlule, ikhanda lika-Elizabeth ladonsa umqhele omkhulu woMbuso WaseBrithani. Lesi sihloko sekhanda sihlotshiswe ngamatshe amancane ahlukile ahlukile - iSapphire Eduard Comperormer, i-ruby black Prince, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iStuart, Brillillnnnn. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqhele wawuhlotshiswe ngamadayimane amancane ayizinkulungwane ezintathu namaparele asendulo amahle kakhulu.
I-Headdress enkulu yasebukhosini igcinwa njalo embhoshongweni. Ngokwe-protocol, lolu hlobo lwamandla lufakwa ebukhosini balo kuphela lapho kukhulunywa khona khona-ke kanye ngonyaka - lapho inkulumo yesihlalo sobukhosi ibikhuluma amalungu ePhalamende. Kukhona umqhele ngaphambi kokuqala koMthetho we- "Protocol" Abaqaphi be-Palace balethwe enhlanganweni ehlukile.
Umqhele omkhulu wenziwe ngokuqondile ekubhukwini iNdlovukazi yeNdlovukazi - ogogo abakhulu u-Elizabeth II. Futhi ngaphambi kokuba amakhosi aseBrithani asebenzise umqhele othobekile kaGeorge IV. Usesikhwameni seDayimane futhi manje - lolu hlobo lwamandla amadala luthweswe umqhele wesiphambano, ngaphezu kwalokho, iziphambano ezine ezihlotshiswe ngamatshe ayigugu nezimbali ezine (zibonisa izingxenye ezine zeBritish Kingdom: England, Scotland, e-Ireland ). Umqhele kaGeorge IV cishe wabona izigidi zabantu ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba: Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngemali edumile yamaphepha esiNgisi - amakhilogremu aboniswe kuloluphawu lwenkosi yamandla.
I-Diamond DiaDem Queen. Photo: Cindezela ikhamera / Fotodom.ru.
Lapho enawo indlovukazi kukhona omunye umqhele, kepha u-Elizabeth akakaze amsebenzise. Umqhele uncanyana ngokuphelele - ububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-10 kuphela futhi ubizwa - umfelokazi. INdlovukazi yaseVictoria yandisa ukukhumbula umkakhe olungileyo kaPrince Alberta umfelokazi iCorona. Emva kwalokho, "ingane" ibilokhu ilele endaweni yokugcina iminyaka eminingi.
Olunye uphawu lwamandla eBritish Monarch yinto ecashile ehlotshiswe ngedayimane elikhulu laseKullian. Cha, lokhu akuyona typo. Futhi emqheleni, futhi entweni esetshenziselwe amatshe anamatshe anegama elifanayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, zombili lezi zingcezu zedayimane elilodwa elihlukile. IGem enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-600 amagremu yatholakala ngo-1905. Itholakala eNingizimu Afrika futhi yaqamba igama lomnikazi. UMnu. Kullinan waletha idayimane enkosini u-Eduard, wamnika ubucwebe. I-Giant Diandond, yayinazo, i-Alas, imifantu yangaphakathi, kwadingeka ihlukaniswe izicucu eziningana, nangemva kokusikwa kwazo, kwavela amadayimane ayisishiyagalolunye - kukhulu kakhulu futhi kukhulu kakhulu. Bonke bathola indawo ebucwebecwebani basebukhosini. Kullyann Cha. 1 enesisindo esingu-520 Carats (kubhekwa njengedayimane elikhulu lokuqalisa emhlabeni) Umqhele we-CREPTER, uKullinan Noighting Carats asetshenziswa lapho enza umqhele omkhulu. "Abafowabo abancane" babo, banesisindo esingaphansi kwe-carats ayi-100, babewusizo ekwakheni ama-brooches, izindandatho ...
By the way, ubucwebe obuningi obugcinwe eRoyal Diamond Foundation bangemvelo 'ngomsebenzisi' bawo eqinisweni enoMklami "onjalo." - Zingabekiwe futhi zihlangane kwezinye izinhlanganisela. Isibonelo, imihlobiso yakudala enama-emeralds amakhulu, yenzelwe ukuhlobisa ukwanga kwengubo yasebukhosini, manje sekuhlanganisiwe, futhi ama-emerald brooches amahle e-emerald brooches wobukhosi bakhe benziwa ngezingcezu zabo. Futhi lapho sesitholile isipho esivela eNdiya Maharaja Tiara Nizam, u-Elizabeth owesibili ngemuva kwesikhashana wayala ukuba asuse izingcezwana ezithile kuwo futhi wazisebenzisa kamuva njengama-brooches ahlukile.
Phakathi kobucwebe obusebukhosini bakhona abaningi balabo abethuliwe. Abanikeli abaphambili bangabizwa ngokuthi yi-Eastern Sheikhs, ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene bafika eposini ngokuvakasha. Futhi i-brooch ebabazekayo "iRosa" ibophekile ukuba ivele isazi sesayensi yezokuma komhlaba waseCanada: Ngo-1952 yathola idayimane elihle lepinki eNingizimu Afrika yabe seliveza ngeNdlovukazi yesiNgisi esencane; Idayimane, eliphumela ekusikeni, futhi lalisetshenziswa ubucwebe ekwenziweni kwama-brooches amangalisayo. (U-Elizabeth wesibili wasibeka kaninginingi ngezikhathi ezibaluleke kakhulu: emshadweni wenkosana uCharles, iPrince Andrew,. Isikhathi sokugcina sihlobise ukugqoka kweNdlovukazi, lapho kuba nomcebo wemali futhi " Izipho "ezivela kubahlali abajwayelekile bezwe. Ukwenza isibonelo, ekuhlonipheni kwesikhumbuzo seNdlovukazi ethandekayo uVictoria, abesifazane base-United Kingdom "balahla" iphawundi elilodwa nengxenye yenani elihlangene kakhulu elisetshenziselwa ukwenza umgexo wamadayimane wokwenza "ukuqiniseka" uvunyelwe ukudala iSikhumbuzo somlingani wakhe oshonile, iPrince Alberta. Ngesinye isikhathi, ngo-1911, iNhlangano Yabesifazane I-Ireland neNgilandi baqoqa imali ekwakheni i-Tiara enhle kakhulu yenkosikazi yamanje yaseMariya (ogogo benkululeko yamanje yaseBrithani futhi, ngendlela, ukusho, i-connoisseur enhle yamagugu). Lo mhlobiso wawungu "Babushkin Tiara", ungumfundi othandekayo u-Elizabeth II. Kwenziwe ngokwendlela yendabuko yobucwebecwebe bakudala baseYurophu: Idayimane ngalinye linohlaka lwesiliva futhi kuleli fomu lifakwe kuhlaka lwegolide lwe-tiara. - Isiliva elifanayo "ungqimba" luvumela amatshe ayigugu ukuba afiphele emisebeni yokukhanya.
Ngesinye isikhathi, wathola isipho esifanayo ezivela ezifundweni naseNdlovukazi u-Alexander. Abesifazane baseBrithani baqoqa imali ngokubhaliselwe futhi bayala amakhosi akhe enkampani "Carrier" Tiara Kokoshnik, eyenziwe ngesitayela saseRussia.
U-Elizabeth II. Photo: Rex Izici / Fotodom.ru.
Kunama-Jewelly of the Royal Diamond Fund kanye namakhophi athile wemvelaphi "yemvelo" yaseRussia. Isibonelo, okuthiwa yi-Vladimir Tiara. Yenziwa ubucwebe benkantolo yaseRussia ngo-1874 endodaneni yesibili yenkosi, iGrand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich, eyethule uTiara Umakoti wakhe - Inkosazana enkulu yenkululeko enkulu kaMaria Pavlovna. Ngemuva kwenguquko, wasuka eParis, eshiya uTiara kanye namanye amagugu asephepheni ephephile eVladimir Palace. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indodana yakhe uBoris, ngosizo lwamaphoyisa angaphandle, wakwazi ukuthatha le ngcebo evela eBolshevik Russia. Kamuva, uTiara wathenga indlovukazi yaseBrithani uMaria endodakazini kaMariya wasePavlovna. Ngokuhleleka komnikazi omusha, okunye ukumiswa okungu-12 no-Emeralds kwengezwa e-tiare, kwathi ngemuva kwalokho uVladimir Tiara angagqokwa ezinguqulweni ezimbili - ngokumiswa kanye nokumiswa kwawo nangaphandle. Umthandi wendlovukazi 'kaKamenkov' wathola amanye amagugu athile ngo-1928. E-Maria Fedorovna, naye owaqala ukufuduka entshonalanga yeYurophu, - umgexo weparele, i-brooch enesafire enkulu, umgexo. Enye "isihloko" saseRussia "yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Russian Brooch, eyenziwe ngababubi futhi kwethulwe ngo-1883 nguMbusi u-Alexander III nomkakhe wendlovukazi yesikhathi esizayo sikaMariya.
Phakathi kobucwebe beNdlovukazi obunempilo yesiNgisi bunezinto ezithile ezikhumbulekayo kuye. Isibonelo, iziqeshana ezinama-aquamarines - Isipho u-Elizabeth abavela kubazali ngeminyaka yawo, noma i-brooch, esethulwe yinhlangano yabacwebecwebe baseNgilandi ngesikhumbuzo sobukhosi bakhe (khona-ke umncintiswano wamazwe omhlaba wamenyezelwa ekwakhiweni kwe-brooches "yesipho" , lapho umuntu wesifazane osemusha evela ePoland anqobile). Ngethuba lomshado wakhe, "intokazi yokuqala yaseYurophu" yamanje "eyamukele kuYise, INKOSI GEORGE VI, umgexo ovela kumadayimane wesikhathi seVictoria. Kwathi ngo-1947, ubaba noMama ka-Elizabeth bamnika ihedsethi yesafire - umgexo kanye nokumiswa. (Kamuva, usuvele uthatha isihlalo sobukhosi, u-Elizabeth wanquma "ukuyokwanga" leetishini leNdlovukazi yaseBelgian watshela ubucwebe, bahlabezele futhi benze i-sapfire tiara evela "imininingwane" ephumayo.) Impela igcinwe "ebhokisini "Emkhathini omkhulu womgexo osuka kugilebhisi, elinye ikhulu le-xvii, amapharele - isipho elizabeth kusuka kuPapa, iKing George George VI kuya ngosuku lomshado wakhe. Umgexo wawukufanele ku-Elizabeth ngesikhathi somkhosi wesonto, kodwa eminyakeni elandelayo ayizange "bakhanyisiwe" noma ngabe kushicilelwe uhulumeni wamanje waseBrithani ... ngesikhathi somcimbi womshado ekhanda leNdlovukazi yesikhathi esizayo u-Elizabeth, Okwesibili kwakuvela "kuNdlovukazi uMariya" ngamadayimane amadala. - Lapho-ke lo mhlobiso wanikezwa "abasuka esikhundleni" sabazali bakhe, kepha eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, - ngo-2002, lapho kushona umamakazi, - umqhele waya ku-Elizabeth English.
Gemstone elizabeth II enomkhosi wokubusa. Photo: Cindezela ikhamera / Fotodom.ru.
Ukuqoqwa kwama-jeels abucwebezekile u-Elizabeth's kukhule kakhulu ngemuva kokufa kukamama wakhe u-Elizabethe. Eqinisweni, umama weNdlovukazi wakhombisa abazukulu bakhe abayigugu abazukulu - inkosana uCharles, kodwa ekugcineni konke kwavela ngendlela ehlukile. Iwindi Lona umbuzo wezimali we-banal. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngemithetho yesiNgisi intela yelifa iphakeme kakhulu, futhi akekho odedelwe kuye - namalungu omndeni wasebukhosini. UCharles wavele wayengenayo imali eyanele yokukhokha uMbuso futhi athole intukuthelo kagogo. Ngemuva kwaloko u-Elizabethe, owesibili wayikhokha intela efeni likanina, waba ngumnikazi wale mbukithi. Ingxenye yabo, wabe esenika "imalimboleko" yomfazi wesibili kaCharles - uCamille.
Ngokuqondene nonkosikazi wokuqala kaCharles - uPrincess Diana, ubukhosi bakhe ngasikhathi sinye wethule umdanso 'kafulawa wothando' emgodini kaDiana, kodwa ngemuva kokushona kobuhlungu kukaDiana, lo mhlobiso wabuyela endlovukazi. I-heroine yalezi zinsuku zamanje ngunina osemusha kaKate Middleton, lapho umshado wakhe nenkosana yakhe uWilliam nawo wathola kusukela ku-Elizabeth kuya ku-Elisabem, kodwa kuphela "ukusondeza", okwesikhashana. (Ngendlela, elungiselela ukuya emshadweni kaWilliam noKate, u-Elizabeth wafaka i-brooch ebizwa nge- "Love Knot".)
Ngomkhosi wokuvula onesizotha weLondon Olympiad wakamuva, ubukhosi bakhe bufaka eminye imihlobiso yedayimane brooch ndlovukazi adelaide. Ochwepheshe bayazi ukuthi ngenxa yokwenziwa kwale brooches ngasikhathi sinye sahlakazeka "ekhebbble" ama-oda amabili ne-ephesis yenkemba yakudala.
Ngokuvamile, u-Elizabeth English, egqoke ngokulandelayo esivela emphakathini, ubeka amagugu eqoqweni lasebukhosini elicebile "ngencazelo." Isibonelo, ngesikhathi somhlangano noMongameli waseTurkey, ingubo yakhe yobukhosi yakhe yahlotshiswa nge-brooch yeVictorian, eyayisebenzisa amadayimane avezwe eVictoria Turkish Sultan.
Esikhathini sansuku zonke sika-Elizabeth uthanda ukugqoka imihlobiso yePearl - amacici, umgexo. Kukhona eqoqweni lobukhulu bakhe kanye ne-Pearl yomgexo "okukhethekile" weparele yemiphumela yangaphambili. Amapharele ahlukile kuye anikelwe nguhulumeni waseBrithani wamakhosi we-Sheikh Qatar yamanje. Ukuze lawa maparele awachithi, ngamunye wabo ugcinwe "isikhathi esingasebenzi" esikhwameni esihlukile se-canvas.
Kulezi zinsuku, ukujwayelana namakhophi amahle kakhulu amagugu avela esikhwameni sasebukhosini angaba noma ngubani - cishe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isayithi elikhethekile lenziwe "ngezithombe", futhi uma kunesifiso, unga-oda "okuphindwe kabili kwalokhu noma omunye umhlobiso ka-Elizabeth II kuleli sayithi. - Uzothola ikhophi legeze, izindandatho, i-serg ngamaphawundi angama-100-150 kuphela. Kepha kuzokwenzeka, kunjalo, ukulingiswa okulula okwenziwe ngohlobo lobucwebe.