UOlga Lukina - Umgqatswa weSayensi yoNyango, umcebisi wophuhliso lomntu weenkokheli, osisiseko seZiko le-psychotherapy kunye nootitshala. Eyona nto igxile kwimidla yakhe yobungcali bubuntu benkokeli, inkululeko yakhe yangaphakathi kunye nokuqonda.
Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili kukuchaza udidi lwenkokeli kunye nokuchonga iingxaki eziphambili, ngenxa yokuba inkokeli iyayeka ukujamelana neengxaki zemihla ngemihla.
-Olga, nangona kunjalo, qala udidi lobunkokeli. Ithetha ukuthini le nto - yinkokeli?
- Phantsi kwegama elithi "iinkokheli" andithethi nje abantu abaphumelele impumelelo ngamandla okanye ilizwe, kwaye abantu banikwe ubume bobomi obunamandla bokusebenzisa abanye abantu kunye nezifundo zeziganeko. Guqula umyalelo okhoyo wezinto ukuthwala inkqubela phambili. Aba ngabantu abakwimeko ezigqithisileyo abaweli kwi-stipor, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, bacinge kwaye bacinga kwaye bafumane indlela yokuphuma. Aba ngabantu abaqhelekileyo kwinto yokuba bonke baphumile. Phantse bonke baphumelele impumelelo kwishishini labo kwaye sele bekwazile ukuzingqina ukuba bayakwazi ukujamelana neemvavanyo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobunzima. Ebomini, bathembela ngokwabo kuphela, ukongeza kuyo kusetyenziswa ukunceda abanye.
Kodwa ezinye zazo ziinkokeli zabo bazilungiselele ukuba babe "ngamaqhawe omhla," ngaphandle kokuthandana kwendalo. Olu ludidi lokuqala lweenkokheli. Bayithathela imisebenzi yenkokeli phantsi koxinzelelo kwiimeko. Kodwa, ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana nalo msebenzi, basinda kwiimpendulo zeshishini njenge-fiasco yobomi bonke, kwaye bengazi ukuba bekungakwenzi into entsha, ukuba noxanduva kwishishini labo - ezi ayizizo zonke izakhono. La "amakhoboka" akazange aqonde ukuba abazange bajamelane nendima yenkokeli kungengenxa yokuba babebi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba behlukile. Impumelelo yabo ayikho apha. Ke le ngxaki iza. Abaziva nako konke ukubonwa, akukho mnqweno wokuzisa into kwimisebenzi yabo. Akukho mnqweno wokufunda iindlela ezintsha, oko kukuthi, zeziphi iinkokeli zendalo zihlala ziziva. Amava abantu abanjalo ayafana nepayi ye-pie ezimbini. Ungqimba oluphezulu lube nokudinwa okungapheliyo kunye nobunzima. Ungqimba olunzulu yiwayini phambi kwam nomsindo.
Umsebenzi nabantu abanjalo kunzima kakhulu. Aba bantu bahlala benzima kakhulu kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe beza kufikelela ekuqondeni ukuba usapho kunye nosapho aluyi kufa ukuba bayayeka ukuba baphile.
Ngokuchasene noko, abantu abasebenza kweli shishini baya kuba nethuba elitsha, amathuba amatsha, ukuba intloko iba yintloko eyayonwabela le nto kwaye ifuna ukuya phambili. Kwaye iinkokeli zeenkokeli ziya kuvula ithuba lokususa iimpahla ezinzima nezingenantsingiselo kwaye zikhethe ukuba yeyiphi intsingiselo yobomi bakhe.
-Ucebisa abantu abanjalo abasebenzisa izikhundla eziphezulu, bayayeka ukusebenza kwaye benze ukuba banokwenzeka ngakumbi? Kwaye oku akunamngcipheko? Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ungaphulukana nawe.
Kutshanje, amanani achongiweyo, ngokwelona nani likhulu lokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo ebantwini lwenzeka ngobusuku ngoMvulo ngeCawa. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba umntu owenzekileyo kuhlaselo lwentliziyo luyoyika emva kwempelaveki kwakhona ukuya kumsebenzi ongathandwayo, ukuba athathe uxanduva kunye nempahla engasasebenzi phantsi kwamandla. Kwisigqibo sam ndibona ukuba abantu babandezeleka ngenxa yento abayenzayo ukuba ayizisiyo, azikholisani.
Ke ngoko, aba bantu beza kum, besithi: "Andinamandla, akukho mnqweno, andikayifumani imisebenzi. Emva koko sixoxa, kuba sisiphi isizathu esingena kwisiphelo esifileyo, xoxa ngeendlela ngeendlela, kodwa ukhetho luhlala luhleli.
-UMbuzo uphakama: Ubunkokeli sisipho esikhethekileyo esinganikwa wonke umntu okanye enye into?
- Ngokungathandabuzekiyo sisipho esikhethekileyo. Ke ngoko, ndifuna ukuxelela abantu abazingcatshisile kwaye bengasamkeli isipho sobunkokeli. Kungathi aba bantu bafumana ubunkokeli kwindalo, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo bengakhuli. Oku kuyenzeka rhoqo. Abantu abangcatshayo baya khona, ukuya kwinqanaba elinye okanye elinye impumelelo yangaphandle. Kodwa iphakame iphakame kwimpumelelo yabo, izinto ezibonakalayo ezinokufezekisa, ukuziva bukhozi kuziva ungonwabanga.
Akusoloko kubona bantu bayaqonda ukuba kunjalo. Ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala ngathi ukuba ukungonwabi kubangelwa kukuba bengaqinisekanga ngokusebenza, okanye ngenxa yokuba bengaxabisi ngokwaneleyo, umphathi akabanikeli inkululeko eyaneleyo yokuqonda. Ngamanye amaxesha bayakholelwa ukuba baguqukele kwinkampani abasebenza kuyo. Abanye bafuna isizathu sobudlelwane bosapho-siqalise ukuqiniseka ukuba oku kungenxa yokungabi naluthando kumaqabane. Ngamanye amaxesha iyeza lomatshini. Kodwa enyanisweni akonwabanga ngabo. Ngokuba ungalwelwe ngesipho sakho. Bakhetha ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno.
- Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uthini ukuba ungonelelo lwabantu abanjalo luvela kwinto yokuba kukho iqela lamatye angenamsebenzi?
"Soloko uthetha kwaye ndiza kuthetha ukuba amabango angabanjwa lomntu obomi, umnqweno wokufezekisa okuthile, ukulinda ebomini ngakumbi, kwaye andiboni kwanto iphosakeleyo ngayo. Kodwa xa umntu engazisebenzisi isipho sakhe sobunkokeli, iibhombu zakhe jika yaba yinto ebuhlungu, engathandekiyo. Kuya kufuneka ujonge isizathu sokuba kwenzeke. Kutheni kukho amabango, kunye nezakhono kunye nemikhwa yokufikelela kwinjongo - hayi.
Ezo nkokeli ezingasebenziyo zibalulekile ukuxhomekeka kumandla abo, kwaye lo ngomnye wobuso bokufunda nokubhala ngokweemvakalelo, emva koko unokubeka iiplanga eziphakamileyo kwaye azifikelele.
-Eziphi iingxaki ezivela kubantu abakwamkelayo isipho senkokeli, batshata, bafumana iziphumo eziphakamileyo? Yintoni ebathintela ukuba bonwabe?
- Uhlobo lwesithathu, iNkokeli yeyonakalisa ngabantu abathathe isipho sokukhokela kwaye bayisebenzise ngentshabalalo. Ngokuqinisekileyo oku kunesiphiwo, kodwa wonke umbuzo olandelwa ngumboniso we-vector yamandla. Aba ngabantu ababeka amandla obunkokeli abanamandla, kodwa ukususela ebusaneni badibana nobubi, bogonyamelo, inkohliso. Abasinda kuphela, baba ngobuqili, bomelele. Olu hlobo lwenkokeli lufikelela kwiinjongo zalo zangaphandle, kuba lomelele nyhani, unomsindo, ubukrelekrele. Akuhlali njalo inkokeli enjalo iyayazi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kunye nokubi kwezenzo zabo. Rhoqo ukholelwa ukuba ubundlobongela, ukuthotywa kwakuyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo. Kwintliziyo yabo imisebenzi yabo ihlala ixoka ngobukrakra, ubuxoki, isoyikiso. Kodwa kungengamali okanye imali, okanye udumo, okanye ukhuseleko lubanike ithuba lokuziva bezolile. Balandelwa yimithunzi eyadlulayo, kuyo yonke indawo ukuze babone ukungcatshwa, uhanahaniso, ukungahloniphi. Aba bantu basinda kwezona ziqhobileyo njengomntwana. Yaqhekeza iqonga lobomi ngokwalo, ukuzithemba kulo.
Kudala bayeka ukulinda into elungileyo. Ubunzulu bobomi babo bukhokelela uloyiko kunye nonxano olusezantsi olusekwe kwimpindezelo. Ukusuka apha, izizathu zabo zomnqweno wokwenene zithathwe, uloyiso ngeendleko zonke, intshabalalo kwindlela yayo yonke kunye nabo bonke, kunye nawo. Akukho mizekelo yeenkokeli ezinjalo kwimbali yethu. Ngokwesiqhelo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo eYurophu, kwiqela elithile le laliyintloko ezazisa abasebenzi bakhe ukuzibulala, kwaye akazange azive tyala emva kwakhe. Ngaye, abantu bachitha izinto.
-Ukunyaniseka, andizukusebenza nomntu onjalo, ndingathandeki ukujongana nohlobo olunjalo. Njengengcali, ungena njani kwiimeko ezinjalo?
- Andifuni ukuba kwindawo ye-psychotherapist esebenza ne "Hitler" elandelayo kunye nengalo yabathengi nolwazi olutsha nolwazi olutsha, izakhono, ngaphandle kokugxothwa kwiindlela ezinzulu zobuntu bakhe.
Ungaziboni, inkokeli enjalo iya kusebenzisa amathuba amatsha okuphucula i-phenomenon embi ngaphakathi ngokwayo. Uxanduva lwam lomntu kunye nobungcali kukuthintela oku.
Ehambisa ubunkokeli obutshabalalisayo ', ndiqala ukusebenza nabaxhasi, ndigxile kwintshabalalo kunye nengozi yobomi babo kunye nabanye. Kwaye siya phaya ukuba bafumana isibindi sokutshintsha le paradigm.
- Ngaba lukhona naluphi na uhlobo lwenkokeli ekhokelela ngokuchanekileyo abantu, ayizisiyo mntu, uyonwabele uthando kunye nokuhlonipha abasebenzi, kwaye uziva esendaweni yakhe. Yintoni umntu ekufuneka ekhathazele?
- Nantsi lapho. Le yinkokeli yokudala. Abantu abasengumntwana basamkele amandla abo okukhokelela kwindlela yabo ebomini kwaye basebenzise izipho zabo. Bafumene impumelelo ebonakalayo, baphumela uvavanyo lwenqanaba, imali, amathuba. Kwaye malunga nobomi bobomi beza kwingxaki yabo. Le yeyona ngxaki yoxanduva nenkululeko yangaphakathi. Bafuna ukushiya into emva kwabo, ubuchule babo, umkhondo oqaqambileyo ebomini. Kodwa ukuba uphumelele, ukwakha oko bafuna ukwakha, baphuma ngezithintelo zabo zangaphakathi, uloyiko lwabo olungazi nto, eyona nto iphambili kuyo ivalwe ulonwabo, ukuthintela ngokwabo. Abantu abanjalo kufuneka baqonde ekuhambeni kwexesha - yeyiphi inqaku eliphumelele, ukuba uziva ubutshaba bakhe kwaye ungaziva wonwabile? Kubalulekile ukuba udlulise kubo ukuba naluphi na ubutyebi obunomda kwaye kufuneka uyeke ukusebenza kumda wobuchule bakho. Kuya kufuneka ufunde ukuphumla, ukutshintshela, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba baqala ukuthemba ngaphezulu kubasebenzi babo, ukufunda ukubambisana ngokusemthethweni. Inkokeli enjalo iya kuba ziingxaki ezimbalwa ukuba iyaphucula ulwazi lwayo ngokweemvakalelo kwaye ufumane isixhobo esinamandla sokuqonda.
"Kubonakala kum ukuba phantse wonke umntu uya kuvuma ukuba ukuze ifumane indalo njengesipho esinjalo njengokukhokela.
- Yiba nesiphiwo kubunkokeli kwaye uphumezeni izinto ezahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Umntu unokukhetha isipho sakhe okanye agatye. Ukuba umntu uyakwazi ukuveza nokuqonda ubunkokeli bakhe, ubomi bakhe buya kuzaliswa kwaye bube nentsingiselo, kwaye umsebenzi uza kuzisa ulwaneliseko olunzulu nolonwabo. Ukuba umntu uyala isipho sakhe, ngokungazi, okanye akayiboni, uzingcatsha. Ke isipho sobunkokeli siba sisiqalekiso, yiwayini yangaphakathi, eyawolisa ngokubandezeleka kunye nesizungu.