The back is primarily a spine (from the cervical departure to the tailbone) with all the nerve endings coming from the vertebrae. It is also the so-called muscular corset, the main task of which is to hold the spine in a vertical position. It includes muscles passing between ribs, under the blades and lying on them, reaching along the spine, as well as oblique muscles that connect the spine with anterior abdominal wall. During the day, the back is experiencing various loads. Any action undertaken by man affects her condition.
"Most strongly spin is loaded in the sitting position," says Ilya Zhishulin, an orthopedist doctor "Healing" clinic at the red gate. "No matter how much a person is sitting, he is not able to constantly keep it straight." Therefore, he burns the spine in the chest and lumbar departments, disturbing the natural bend (chest - back, lumbar-forward). In addition, not only the spine is loaded in the sitting position, but also the muscles. Even the heart has to work more intense, in order to pump the blood through the redested vessels. " In the lying position there is no vertical load, the back is in a relaxed state. It is very important for the convenience of lying in itself - for each person it is individually. It is convenient to be the box, getting out from which a person feels rested, sleeping. At the same time, his muscles were not crushed, the joints are moved normally, and the head clearly thinks. In the standing position, the spine experiences the average load between the provisions lying and sitting. It all depends on his health, from the ability to withstand the load familiar to it. "
There are several main reasons that lead to back pain.
Radiculitis (from lat. Radiculus - "root") occurs with any pinching, inflammation of the roots of nerves. The pain can be localized at the place of their exit from the spine or manifest itself at a distance of the cause of its occurrence along the nervous trunk. Radiculitis occurs in any department of the spine - where there are nerves roots. One of the reasons may be an injury caused by short-term overvoltage (with unsuccessful sipping or sharp movement). The minimum displacement of one vertebra is relatively different causes acute pain.
Contrary to universal delusion, the radiculitis has long been no longer a senile disease. Lumbago (from Lat. Lumbus - "Ledsnas"), or screamed, at the bottom of the back - the lower back, Lumbalgia (long-term pains in the lumbar-sacral region), LumboishIligia (the transition of pain on the sedellastic nerve, on the back surface of the hip and buttock) are found People of different ages.
"The reason may be disruption of the anatomical structure of the body - throughout, Scoliosis , "Says Ilya Zailulin. - The manifestations of the radiculitis are found in people, for a long time in the same forced position. This disease is subject to, for example, office workers, dentists, drivers. Here we are not talking about pinching the root of the nerve of the vertebrae, but about the pinching of the root of the nerve or nervous trunk with the muscles, which, straining, overlap the natural flow of blood, thereby causing the lack of oxygen. From this they are even more strained, as a result, pain occurs. "
Another common reason for pain in the back is Osteochondrosis (from Greek. Osteon - "Bone", Chondros - "cartilage") - inflammation of the bone and cartilage of aseptic etiology (there is no infection, viruses in the body, and so on). Osteochondrosis is a violation of the function of the spine due to the chance of cartilage.
"For the occurrence of osteochondrosis, cartilage should be initially injured," says Ilya Zaglyulin. - If he is inflamed, calcium salts are started there - the main construction material of the skeleton is started - the main construction material of the skeleton is to fix the sore place and give the finishing the opportunity to recover. It turns out a vicious circle. The influx of calcium salts leads to a loss of cartilage its elasticity, and therefore, when driving, the pain increases, which provokes even greater inflammation, which causes a new flow of calcium into cartilage fabric. As a result, osteophytes (bone growths) are formed on the joints, heel spurs. "
In a person normally moving during the day, the muscles of which are not constantly in a forced position, there may also be problems with the back. In this case, doctors pay attention to Uniform anatomical development patient. Asymmetric people most often become in the process of growth - due to injuries in childhood or as a result of the difference in the tone of various muscles. In an adult, the curvature of the spine may arise after unsuccessful fractures of the limbs or not entirely correctly carried out the operation of the endoprosthetics (when the destroyed joint is replaced by a prosthesis). As a result of the asymmetry of the body, there is a pelvic skew and, as a result, the entire spine.
"When curvatched the spine, the intervertebral discs are unevenly loaded: on the one hand, they are stretched, on the other - compressed," says Ilya Zaglyulin. - both are traumatization of connective tissue, which causes a reinforced flow of calcium salts. The person adapts to walk, keeping a vertical position, but after a while he starts the pain in the spoken parts of the spine. "
Back pain is not always the problems in the back. Many organs - for example, pancreas, kidneys, intestines - are close to the rear surface of the body, so the problems in them are most often projected onto the back. Nuances can only understand the doctor. An expert first thing determines the cause of pain in this place. Modern diagnostic means allow you to distinguish the pathology of the internal organs from problems in the back or the musculoser. The orthopedist will not be able to help if the cause of pain is problems with internal organs or metabolism. The patient in this case first goes to the appropriate specialist. Later, after eliminating the main reason, it will be easier to cure a consequence - pain in the back.
A serious problem that can cause back pain is osteoporosis (from Greek. Osteon - "Bone", Poros - "Hole, Run") - Washing Calcium, Increased bone fragility. The load on the spine remains the same, but the spine itself is no longer able to withstand it. The bones are deformed, intervertebral discs are applied and pinned the roots of the nerves. Osteoporosis is an age problem associated with the metabolism. Orthopedist can see this disease on an X-ray or conduct a study of bone density - densitometry. In this case, treatment should be treated with an endocrinologist, which will help to adjust the metabolism, stop the process of washing out calcium salts from bones. Only after eliminating the cause - osteoporosis - can be treated with an orthopedic effect - back pain.
Not the best influence on the back age changes in the body. The older the person becomes, the more he "bones", "dries". Connecting fabrics, cartilage, bundles, tendons lose water, become less elastic. With age, the risk of not only fractures due to dryness and fragility of bones, but also injuring the connective tissue (stretching, handy) sharply. The body begins with a double power to produce calcium salts to strengthen the injured place. A vicious circle occurs, just a competent specialist.
Get rid of pain
"It is impossible to live with pain," says Ilya Zailulin. - With its occurrence, well-known non-steroidal ointments are helped, such as Finalgon, "Fast Gel", "Woltaren". In case of their ineffectiveness, hormonal drugs can be used, such as "Diprospan", which quickly removes inflammation. Nevertheless, it should be understood that the deliverance from painful sensations by drugs is not a treatment, but anesthesia, temporary relief. Tomorrow the attack can be repeated with doubled strength, and in this case only hospitalization and application of radical means will help. "
Best prevention of spine problems - physical education starting from childhood. A person who makes charging every day, performing the worst exercises, its own prophylactic services to prevent the appearance of pain in the back. In the last century, a production gymnastics was carried out specifically for people working in forced position. It gave the opportunity to dispel the blood, remove the static load, give muscles to work, fill them with oxygen.
"I am an opponent of the morning gymnastics," says Ilya Zhishulin. - During night rest, part of the blood, which circulates by vessels, deposited in such organs as the liver, spleen, bone marrow. Therefore, when a person gives himself a great physical burden immediately after he got out of bed, he deprives those organs that do not work in this situation. The heart begins to supply the muscles exclusively with oxygen, and all other organs are experiencing oxygen starvation. Before starting to engage in physical exercises, you need to give the body the opportunity to wake up, recover. Therefore, the time of morning charging must be combined with the time of production gymnastics - it is 11-12 hours. "
The evening is also not the best time for exercise - after all, the body is already configured to rest. The maximum emission of hormones occurs during the day, approximately 12-14 hours. By the end of the day, the reserves of energy are depleted. In addition, if you give the body a greater physical activity in the evening, slags accumulated per day in large quantities, through blood and lymph fall into the internal organs. The best time to maintain yourself in a tone with the help of physical education - the middle of the day, when most people work. But, unfortunately, there is no time for gymnastics in the working chart of a modern person. People in the bulk of their mass work on wear, without rest, without the possibility of relaxing, being a long time in a constant forced position, for example, sitting at the computer and alkaline. Sustains, muscles, brain suffer from this. A man pounds himself what the tired back and pain in it signals. The best working mode: 2 hours of work - 15 minutes of rest, which should be spent not to coffee with cigarettes, but on gym, walking, warm-up of the scorched members.
Learn to keep your back is not easy, but necessary. It is unlikely that anyone wants to live with pain, bending a question mark. Beautiful straight back is the best sign of success and health. Over it costs to work.