Ukuqina kotshwala besifazane ezweni lethu akubalulekanga kangako futhi kufanelekile ukushaya i-alamu, kepha noma kunjalo lesi yisifo esikufanele ukukhuluma, ngoba imvamisa kunamafomu afihliwe. I-Yuri Pavlovich Sivolap, i-narcologist, udokotela wesayensi yezokwelapha, uprofesa woMnyango Wezengqondo kanye ne-Medical Psychology MMA. I. UM. Seshenova utshele oxhumana naye we-Firmit kunezinto zotshwala besifazane behlukile kwabesilisa futhi kungani kanti omunye, futhi omunye wakuboza omunye, futhi omunye wawo ovusa inkampani.
- U-Yuri Pavlovich, ake siqale sinqume igama, kungaba yini ukwakheka kotshwala, ngoba ukuze ube umlutha wotshwala kufanele kube ezinye izimfuneko? Ingabe ukhona umqondo onjalo?
- Alikho igama elinjalo kwezokwelapha. Kepha uma uyifaka, ngingasho lokho ngamathuba okubonakala kotshwala kukhombisa ubukhona beziguli ezinophuzo oludakayo ohlosweni: Uma kukhona abaningi kubo, lowo muntu ucishe wazenzela izinkinga zawo zotshwala. Kuyafaneleka ukuqala ukuphuza, noma ngamanani amancane, ukulutha ngokushesha nokusetshenziswa kungathathwa kungenamkhawulo. Uma umuntu enezihlobo eziningi zokuphuza, umfutho ekuthuthukisweni kotshwala wazo angasebenza ngezizathu ezihlukile - okokuqala, ukucindezelwa okungokomzwelo okunamandla. "I-motor" ejwayelekile yokusebenzisa kabi utshwala elandelwa ukwakhiwa kokuncika isebenza njengokungavikeleki, umuzwa wecala, ukunciphisa ukuzithemba. Isibonelo sesimo sokuthuthuka kotshwala ngezizathu ze-neurotic ukwesaba izindiza. Ukuyinqoba, umuntu uphuza esikhumulweni sezindiza noma esezindizeni ngaphambi kokuhamba, futhi ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa ngeke usakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kotshwala.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, impilo yomuntu onobunikazi obungabalulekile enqunywe ukwakheka kotshwala ingachuma kakhulu, kepha umthelela omubi kuwo uzoba nendawo ezungezile - ngokwesibonelo, umphakathi onobuchwepheshe onesiko labasolwa noma ". Kunzima ukukholwa, kepha "amaqembu ezinkampani" kwesinye isikhathi angumfutho onamandla wotshwala.
- Uyini umehluko phakathi kotshwala besifazane kusuka kwabesilisa?
- Ukucaciswa ukuthi uphuzo oludakayo kwabesifazane luvame ukuqala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kepha kuthuthuka ngokushesha. Ukuphuza kakhulu abesifazane abaningi kakhulu baphuza ukucindezelwa, ukukhathazeka kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ukuhlukumeza utshwala kwabesifazane kuvame kakhulu ukubangelwa izinkinga zengqondo kunakwabesilisa. Kuhamba phambili besifazane kunamadoda awela ebukisini, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bafuna usizo. Ngokusobala, lokhu kungachazwa ngeqiniso lokuthi abesifazane banesibopho esikhulu. Kepha kwabesifazane besifazane, ngokungafani nabesilisa, kunesici - ubunzima bokulawula ukusetshenziswa. Indoda kulula ukuyimisa, futhi le ntokazi, eyayizokhawulela ingilazi yewayini, ingayeki futhi emva kwamabhodlela amabili noma amathathu. Uphuza kakhulu kunalokho okuhleliwe. Ngendlela, abesifazane bayavuthwa ngaphezu kwalokhu kwabesilisa, futhi kunzima kakhulu ngabo ukuyeka.
- Futhi ubani ongcolisa ngokushesha - indoda noma umfazi? Futhi kungani lona wesifazane kunzima ukuyeka ukuphuza kunendoda?
- Umbuzo Onzima. Abesifazane basheshe bakheke ngomonakalo wobuchopho - okuthiwa yi-thhalopathy. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, umbono wokudakwa kakhulu wotshwala futhi, ikakhulukazi, ukucekelwa phansi kotshwala kwabesifazane kuchazwa ukucwaswa komphakathi. "I-Stigma" ehunyushwe kusuka kuGreek - "ilebula, isilonda". Siyathanda ukulahla umfazi ophuzayo ngokugula kwakhe, ngokushesha akhuthaze ilebula yobuntu obuhlekisayo. Lokhu kuhle kakhulu futhi kubhala omunye ochwepheshe abaholayo emkhakheni wotshwala wabesifazane, uSolwazi Alexey Yurcevich EGOROV waseSt. Petersburg. Eqinisweni, kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuyeka ukuphuza, ngoba ukuphuza kwabesifazane kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokucindezelwa noma ukucindezelwa okungathi sína. Imvamisa umuntu wesifazane obhekene nesizungu, ukuvukela umbuso, okungafanele, ukutholwa okusho ukuthi ngengilazi enewayini. Isisulu somkhuba olimazayo siba yibhizinisi elithile, indlu yayo ayinalutho futhi inesizungu lapho. Bajwayela ngemuva komsebenzi osindayo futhi onovalo "thatha ingcindezi yesilisa", ebhekisa ebhodleleni.
- Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ubhekane nendlela ethile esemthethweni enomphathi noma umphathi wokuphuza?
-Phuzi ngaphansi kwesingatholi sokukhohlisa kalula, kanye nombaleki, kepha ungaboni umphathi - akunakubonwa. Futhi usebenze nomuntu onjalo - ngosuku esihogweni.
Ukulwa nomuntu ophuzayo ukulwa nomuntu ogulayo. Uxolo, kepha ngiphikisana njengodokotela, hhayi njengommeli noma umshushisi wezigceme zawo. Chitha indoda ngoba utshwala iyafana nokumxosha nge-rheumatism. Isiguli siyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa. Vele, uma enqaba, uma engapheleli imisebenzi yakhe futhi enze umkhathi ongenampilo eqenjini, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuqala inqubo yokuqedwa kobudlelwano bezabasebenzi ngokuya ngomthetho osebenzayo.
- Imvamisa ngibona izikhangiso ongazithola zivela ku-Alcoholism kuze kube phakade. Ingabe izindlela zokufaka ikhodi namuhla? Wake wabona izindlela ezintsha zokwelashwa kwanamuhla? Kukuliphi izwe aphumelela kuliphi izwe?
- Izindlela zokufaka amakhodi zisiza iziguli ngazinye. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwenqaba. Lezi zindlela zisetshenziswa emazweni angashadile kuphela. Ukuzikhipha otshwaleni ngokusekelwe ngokwesaba kuphambene nemibono yanamuhla mayelana nokuziphatha kwezokwelapha. Ngizonakekela izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha utshwala. Yamukelwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuba nesayensi efakazelwe ngokwesayensi ekwelashweni kwanoma yiziphi izifo akukhangiswa, futhi lezi zindlela azikabi kangako.
Ukwelashwa ngotshwala ngempumelelo emazweni anokutholwa okuphephile ekunakekelweni kwezokwelashwa okufanele. Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wezwe lethu ukwenqaba ukubikwa kweziguli kweziguli ezihlushwa umlutha wotshwala. Akusizi ngalutho kusuka kulesi silinganiso somphakathi, kepha abantu abaningi abanezinkinga zotshwala abafuni ukwelashwa kuphela kusuka emiphumeleni yemiphumela yezenhlalo - ukubalwa kwezidakamizwa e-Drug Treatment Dispensary futhi konke kuxhunyiwe nalokhu. I-accounting icelwa ukubalwa ngowesifazane, kungaqondakala: Lapho omakhelwane noma ozakwabo noma ozakwabo bezofunda ukuthi bemi ukucabangela, umfazi uqala ukubandlululwa. Ngomthwalo onjalo akunakwenzeka ukuba uphile ngokuzolile.
- Futhi kusebenza kangakanani ukuncishiswa okuyingxenye kotshwala? Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-psyche isabhujiswa.
- Ngeshwa, uphuzo oludakayo luyelapheka kabi. Iningi labachwepheshe emazweni ahlukene omhlaba beza kulesi siphetho. Abantu abaningi bathembele ngotshwala abakwazi ukuyeka ukuphuza ngokuphelele naphakade. Uma laba bantu, ngenxa yokwelashwa baqala ukuphuza kaningi, ngaphansi kwemiphumela emincane eyingozi sekuphumelele. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala lapho kungenzeki ukukuqedela - indlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa ukufa ezweni lethu. Uma namhlanje umphakathi uyakuqonda ukuthi kuwukuthi udinga kuphela ukunciphisa inani elidakiwe, ungaphila ngempumelelo futhi usebenze, futhi cha ngokubhujiswa kwe-psyche yenkulumo, ngenhlanhla, kungangeni. Amagama alula, uma kungekho kungenzeka ukulahla utshwala, kepha kunesifiso sokulwa - ukunciphisa umthamo!