Ukwahlulela ngokutholwa kwemivubukulo, chess yaseRussia bekulokhu kungqongqoza iminyaka eyinkulungwane. Izibalo zakudala kakhulu zalo mdlalo ezenziwe okhokho bethu futhi zitholwe ngesikhathi sokumbiwa zikhulunywa ngekhulu le-XI-XIII. Century Century. ku. Kodwa-ke, isipiliyoni esibhalwe phansi seMoscow "esihlanganisiwe seMoscow sincane:" osekhulile "we-Peshki-Kori-Kori, ukumba kusuka kungqimba yamasiko edolobheni, ochwepheshe babhekisela kwikhulu le-XIV-XV Century.
Hlala e-Easboard ye-Blackboard, abamele abahlukahlukene ama-villains - nezicukuthwane, kanye nabasebenzi, kanye nobuciko, kanye nezingcweti kanye nezingcweti eziphathelene namaqhawe aseRussia, kusho womdlalo we-chess utholakala kaninginingi. AmaKhosi anje "alizithandayo" nawo ayejwayele. Kusuka kwimithombo emibhalo kuyaziwa ukuthi u-Ivan Grozny wayaziwa ngumdlali we-Avid Chess. Futhi uPhetro Perter I futhi nakancane athenge lo mdlalo ukuze ngisho nangezinsuku zamasosha, wayenesethi ekhethekile ephathekayo ethambile ngethambile (ukuze angaphuli futhi angaphuli emgwaqweni).
Yize kubhekwe ngenxa yobulungiswa: Kunezikhathi lapho sifuna i-chess ukukhipha umthetho. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, lo mdlalo waphinde wabekwa ngaphansi kokuvinjwa kwesonto, abapristi bamenyezelwe obala - kanye nomdlalo okwithambo - "amademoni wamukela" futhi wazama ukuvimba. Lonakugcina imizamo yenziwa ngekhulu le-XVII., Kepha ekugcineni, i-chess "lime" yayisahlulekile. Kanye nezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe ezavakashele izwe lethu zazindawonye namathalenta e-chess abahlali bendawo. "AbaseRussia bazokuzwa abathengisi abakhulu nge-chess," evakashele iRussia ngo-1772 - Chess ijwayelekile eRussia, ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwethu eMoscow cishe bekungeke kube khona emphakathini, Lapho izivakashi bekungeke zimatasatasa khona nalokhu ukuzijabulisa. Futhi ngisho nokudlula emigwaqweni, ngangivame ukubuka abathengisi nabantu abajwayelekile ngemuva kwalo mdlalo phambi kweminyango yezitolo zabo nezindlu. "
Kusuka engxenyeni yokuqala yencwadi ngaphambi kokugcina, izincwadi zaqala ukuphrinta ngesiRussia, ngasikhathi sinye, lo mdlalo uzuza ngokwengxenye entweni ethile, "umlingiswa" wezobuhlakani: ayivamile empilweni yansuku zonke yezobuciko, naku Isikhulu esichumayo, imvelo ihanjiswa yi- "Card Fun".
Kakhulu ku-chess edlalwa manje ezindlini ezizimele, lapho abathandi bebuthelwe khona ngokukhethekile lokhu. Maphakathi nekhulu le-19, ezinye izindawo zokudlela zaseMoscow naseSt. Petersburg, abanikazi bazo bezimisele ngokukhethekile izivakashi zamatafula we-chess maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX, elingathengwa izivakashi (endaweni enjalo, zazinjalo Akukhathazeki phakathi kwecala lokudlala iphathi - abanye abamele izingqungquthela zobuciko, zemibuthano). Ngo-1877 kuphela kwakukhona indawo ekhethekile, ekhethekile e-chess: eholwa uthisha osemusha womculo u-A. Solovtsov, wahlela igama elisemthethweni "lomphakathi wabathandi bomdlalo we-chess." Igumbi elihlukile kuye endlini engu-7/2 endaweni yaseshashalazini (eduze kokuphuma kwamanje kusuka esitimeleni) inqobo nje i-Archistic Club eyaqasha lezi zakhiwo. Kamuva, kusukela ngo-1890 kuya ku-1990 kuya ku-1902, umbuthano we-chess wayehamba "ngaphansi kwephiko" lomhlangano we-moscow odokotela, endlini ye-baron ethubeni egcekeni egcekeni leNombolo yeNombolo 32).
Indawo yaseshashalazini, indlu 7/2. Lapha wake wavula umbuthano we-chess moscow.
Inkosi edumile yaseRussia yomdlalo uMikhail Chigorin, owahlinzeka ngokusekelwa okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni i-New Sports Corporation, oye wasekela ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlangano entsha yezemidlalo, ngokushesha kwaqala ukukhombisa imisebenzi yesiyaluyalu. Ngenxa yezishoshovu zeMoscow Chess Mug ukuthi imiqhudelwano yokuqala yokuqala yonke yaseRussia yahlelwa kamuva. Futhi emiqhudelwaneni "yendawo", i-Russian World World Champion yesikhathi esizayo u-Alexander Alekhnin uvele emphakathini. Ngenxa yenkulumo-ze ebanzi yomdlalo wakhe othandekayo "Curakovtsy" wakwazi ukufeza izincwadi ezijwayelekile ngalesi sihloko ngama-applicals (ngonyaka we-1882, eMoscow, ngisho ne- "chener ekhethekile ye-" Chess ", kamuva, kufika ku-1910. ", futhi kusukela ngo-1913 kuya ku-1916 -" I-Chess Gazette ", eyayiganwa ngumfowabo we-Mound Champion Yesikhathi esizayo u-Alexey Alexin).
Ngemuva kwetafula le-chess a. alekhin noH. Kapablanca.
I-Moscow chess kancane kancane yaqala ukuya enkundleni yezwe lonke. Ngo-1866, ngokwesibonelo, owayebhekwa njengomdlali onamandla kunabo bonke edolobheni lase-A. Drozdov walwa ngempumelelo emaqenjini amaningana ne-Genirshfeld eyaziwa eYurophu. Futhi ngo-1896-97. UZlatagnaya wakhethwa indawo yendawo yokuziphindisela yomqhudelwano womhlaba phakathi komgogodla odumile uV. Steinitsa no-E. Lasyer (Ukulwa kwabo kwenzeka eHholo Elikhulu lendlu enkulukazi eshintshiwe).
Umbuthano we-Chess Chess akasinda eminyakeni yobunzima yempi yezwe yokuqala - imisebenzi yayo yema ngo-1916. Kepha ngemuva kwenguquko, impilo ye-chess yenhlokodolobha yaphinde yavuselelwa. Naphezu kwalokhu kulimazeka, indlala, izimo ezinzima 'ubukhomanisi bezempi', emhlanjini ka-1919-20. Kwakukhona nomqhudelwano wabadlali be-chess abanamandla kakhulu beDolobha, okwaqala ukubhekwa njengobuqhawe bokuqala kweSoviet Chess Championship yaseMoscow.
Futhi kungekudala kwaba nomcimbi omuhle kakhulu: Umphakathi wenhlangano "(wahlanganyela eRepublic ye-Soviet Republic yaseSoviet yenhlangano yokuqeqeshwa kwezempi yonke) yayifaka cress ohlelweni lokuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwangaphambili kwentsha! Ngenxa yentando ye- "Phezulu", ama-chess mugs aqala ukuhlela yonke indawo, kwavulwa amakilabhu enhlokodolobha, futhi kwavela iklabhu ye-chess e-Army "... umthelela walokhu I-Paradox yayilula: I- "Administur Resource yayo" yasetshenziswa nguKhomishani weKhomishini YeKhomishini A. Ilin-Geneva, owawungumthandi omkhulu womdlalo we-chess. Kakade ngo-Okthoba 1920, ama-Generals ahlelwe eChrossion yeMoscow Chess (Ubambe izakhiwo ezisendlini 7/5 eRussian Chess Olympiad - Lo mcimbi wokuqala womlando wonke we-chess lapho umncintiswano wawukhona ephethwe ngumbuso, hhayi inhlangano yomphakathi. Ngokwemiphumela yomncintiswano, ugogo u-A. Alekhnin waba ngumpetha wokuqala wezwe.
I-Chess iqhubeke nokujabulela ukwesekwa kweziqongo kakhulu zombuso futhi kamuva. Ekuqaleni ubusika bango-1925, ehholo lokunethezeka lehhotela laseMetropol (bese bekuhlukile: Indlu yesi-2 yeSoviet) ibamba umqhudelwano wokuqala we-chess waseMosco. Kwakungomunye wezehlakalo zokuqala ezinkulu ngokuzibandakanya kwezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe, ezenzeka eBolshevik Russia. Izimali zenhlangano yomqhudelwano kanye nohulumeni waseSoviet abelwe imali ekhokhwayo ye-chess ye-chess. Futhi kucatshangelwe: Ngemuva kwakho konke, izinkanyezi eziningi zokuqhakaza kokuqala zafika eRed Moscow: Umhlaba we-H. Kapablanca, ama-ex-rublium ama-lapabsanca, imidlalo eyisikhombisa evamile ... Amakhulu abalandeli abebedumile kakhulu: Amakhulu abalandeli abenze Ungakwazi ukukwazi ukuthenga indawo ehholo, kugcwele emnyango, evelly ngokubamba imininingwane mayelana nenkambo ngayinye elandelayo eyenziwe eqenjini elilandelayo.
Umdlali weSoviet Chess E. Bogolyubov uzuze ukunqoba kulo mqhudelwano "wokuthengisa", nokuthi, noma ngabe impumelelo engekho emthethweni yayiwukuvela kwe- "Chess fever" ezweni lonke: Kuyo yonke i-USSR, incane futhi incane Amadolobha, amadolobhana abasebenzi, abafundi, izingane zesikole lapho shaft zidonswe kwimibuthano ye-chess kanye nezigaba. "Umdlalo Wasemadoda Asendulo" iminyaka eminingi useye waba ngomunye wabadumile ezweni.