Ngaphezu komswakama kanye nokushisa, enye into ebalulekile yokukhula kwezitshalo ilula. Ithinta kakhulu isivinini sesitshalo sezithombe ze-Photosynthesis kanye nomsebenzi we-metabolic. Umthombo oyinhloko wokukhanya kwezitshalo yilanga, kepha ukufeza lokhu ebusika, Maye, akunakwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, muva nje, imakethe inyuse inani lendlela yokufakelwa yokuhlinzeka izitshalo ngokukhanya. Izindlela zokufakelwa zidinga ukusetshenziswa kohlobo olukhethekile lomthombo wokukhanya, obizwa ngokuthi ukukhanya okukhulayo. Mhlawumbe uzwe ngalolu hlobo lwemithombo yokukhanya futhi wazibuza ukuthi ungazisebenzisa kanjani. Lo mbhalo uzosho ukuthi ungazisebenzisa kanjani izibani zezitshalo ezikhulayo.
Yini?
Ukukhanyisa okukhulayo kungumthombo wokukhanya wokufakelwa owenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanya okwanele nokufanelekile ukuvuselela i-photosynthesis, okuholela ekukhuleni okulungile kwezitshalo. Izibani ezikhulisa kakhulu zisebenza ngogesi. Izibani ezikhulayo zezitshalo zingasetshenziselwa ingadi yasekhaya, ukukhiqizwa kokudla ngisho nasekukhuleni kwezitshalo zasemanzini ezikhulayo.
I-Botanist evela eRussia Andrei Faminitsyn yayiyiphayona ezitshalweni ezikhulayo zisebenzisa ukukhanya okwenziwe ngobuciko
Photo: Unsplisish.com.
Ukukhanyisa kwezitshalo ezikhulayo nakho kwaguqulwa emnyangweni wezolimo, ikakhulukazi emazweni anokukhanya kwelanga okuphansi. Ngokuyisisekelo, zisetshenziswa ezingeni lokukhiqizwa kwezentengiso. Njengoba kusiza ukunikeza ukukhanya lapho kungekho ukukhanya kwelanga, kunomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukulima kwasekhaya. I-Botanist evela eRussia Andrei Faminitsyn yayiyiphayona ekutshalweni kwezitshalo ezisebenzisa ukukhanya okwenziwe. Manje usungakhulisa isitshalo sakho esithandekayo sokuqhakaza ngaphandle kokuyibeka efasiteleni. Akusekho imikhawulo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo ngenxa yesikhathi esihlukile sokukhanya kwelanga.
Basebenza kanjani?
Izibani eziningi zezitshalo ezikhulayo zenzelwe ukusebenza kanye nelanga, zinikeza isibuko sokukhanya eduze kwelanga. Kwesinye isikhathi bashintshelwa isitshalo esithile. Izakhiwo ezintathu zokukhanya zithonya ukukhula: ubukhulu, isikhathi kanye ne-spectrum. Ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya kwezitshalo ezikhulayo kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule zonke lezi zindawo zokukhanya. Okwesikhathi sokukhanyisa, ungahlela umthombo wokukhanya ukuze ushintshe phakathi kokusebenza noma okukhutshaziwe. Ukuqina kokukhanya, okuyisilinganiso sokukhanya okutholwe ngesikhathi kunqunywa yi-bulb ekhulayo futhi amandla anikezwe kuwo. I-spectrum yokukhanya, okuchaza ukwakheka komthombo wokukhanya, kuncike kakhulu kuhlobo lokukhanya olusetshenziselwa ukukhula.
Ngokuya nge-spectrum ekhanyayo, kunezigaba ezahlukene zamalambu akhulayo: obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi olugcwele i-spectrum. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamalambu ezitshalo ezikhulayo. Lokhu kufaka amalambu e-fluorescent, amalambu we-incandescent, amalambu afihliwe, izibani ze-LED, amalambu ama-halogen kanye namalambu abalimi abakhulayo. Amalambu we-Halogen namalambu we-Incandescent aqokomisa ukushisa okuningi futhi akhiphe i-wavelength ebomvu enhle kakhulu. I-Fluorescent ne-LED (i-Light-Emit Amit Diode) Ukukhanya kwezitshalo ezikhulayo kugcinwa kangcono ngamandla okushisa okushisa okushisayo. Amalambu afihliwe, izibani eziphezulu zokukhulisa zikhungathekile zithandwa kakhulu, kepha zigqamisa inani elikhulu lokushisa. Amalambu afihliwe asebenzisa umgomo wokukhipha igesi nge-drive kagesi, ngakho-ke, usawoti wensimbi uyadingeka kubo. Kumalambu we-LED asebenzisa ama-semiconductors ukuthola ukukhanya.
Amanye amalambu akhulayo angaba nomthelela omubi ukukhula kwezitshalo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezazisa ukushisa ngokweqile
Photo: Unsplisish.com.
Ungazisebenzisa kanjani izibani zokukhula?
Sebenzisa izibani ezikhulayo zilula kakhulu, kepha udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu. Ezinye izibani ezikhulayo zingathinta kabi ukukhula kwezitshalo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezabela ukushisa okuningi. Akunakwenzeka ukubaletha eduze kakhulu ezitshalweni. Okokuqala, ake sibheke ezinye izitshalo ezizwa kahle lapho zikhanyisiwe. Izitshalo ezinjengotamatisi, ama-orchid, izaqathe, i-ginger, isaladi, anyanisi oluhlaza ngisho nezimbali, zingatshalwa ngamalambu.
Udinga ukubheka inani lezitshalo ozokhulisa. Kudingeka futhi ucabange ngobungqabavu besitshalo ozokhula. Kufanele ucabangele isabelomali sakho nendawo yokutshala imali engabizi. Ezinye izitshalo zidinga ukukhanyisa isikhathi esifushane, abanye bangaphila ngokukhanyisa okuphakathi, futhi abanye bangadingeka isikhathi eside. Ezinye izitshalo ezinjenge-begonias ziyadingeka ngesikhathi esifushane, utamatisi ukhetha isikhathi eside, ngenkathi izitshalo ezivumayo zingabhekana nenani eliphakathi lokukhanya. Isikhathi esijwayelekile singamahora ayi-10.
Kufanele ukhethe uhlobo olufanele lwamalambu okuzalela. Izibani ze-Incandescent azibizi kakhulu, kepha zisebenzisa ugesi othe xaxa, ngenkathi amalambu afihliwe abiza kakhulu, kepha adle ugesi omncane. Uma ukhula inani elikhulu lezitshalo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amalambu afihliwe. Amalambu afihliwe anikeze namandla amakhulu okukhanya. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukuba nokukhanya okusele uma isibani sinokungasebenzi kahle.
Njengoba kunikezwe izindlela ezishiwo ngenhla, thola indawo epholile, mhlawumbe igumbi elingenalutho, ekhaya lakho. Thenga ama-cartridge wekhwalithi ephezulu yamalambu bese uwafaka endaweni. Qiniseka ukuthi ama-cartridge wesibani awasondelene kakhulu noma kude nezitshalo. Yize ibanga lingahlukahluka, ama-30 cm kufanele anele. Ukusebenza ngesikhathi sokukhanya kuyadingeka ngemuva kokuthi isibani sifakiwe. Udinga ukulungisa inani lokukhanya okunikezwe ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo osikhulile. Izitshalo zidinga isikhathi sokuphumula, ngakho-ke udinga ukucisha njalo ukukhanya. Ungasebenzisa i-timer, ngoba inganemba ngokwengeziwe futhi inomnotho.
Qiniseka ukuthi izitshalo zithola inani elifanayo lokukhanya, ukushintshana kwezitshalo okungenani njalo ngesonto. Njengoba izibani ziguga, zisebenza kahle futhi zisebenza kahle, ikakhulukazi izibani ze-fluorescent zezitshalo ezikhulayo. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukubheka ama-bulbs akhanyayo bese uwafaka esikhundleni sawo. Lapho uthuli noma ukungcola kunqwabelana kuma-bulbs, ayasebenza kangako. Ngakho-ke, ungakhohlwa ukubheka njalo amalambu ukuze ucabangele ukungcola. Qiniseka ukuthi ulungisa ibanga lesibani njengoba izitshalo zikhula zibheke kubo.
Ukukhula okuphumelelayo kwesitshalo sakho nakho kuncike kwezinye izinto, njengokusebenza kwembewu, i-substrate yokukhula, ikhwalithi yamanzi nenombolo yayo, kanye nomanyolo. Isabelomali sakho siyisici esibalulekile okufanele sibhekwe uma uzobandakanyeka emisebenzini edinga ukukhanyisa izitshalo ezikhulayo. Amalambu afihliwe ahlala amalambu amahle kakhulu wokutshala, kepha alungele kakhulu izitshalo ezinkulu. Uma udinga ukukhulisa isitshalo sokuhlobisa kuphela, ungathenga izibani ze-fluorescent zokukhula.