Ebuntwini, wathola igama lesidlaliso elithi "Iron Lady". Ngentando eqinile, enobuntu obungenalwazi kanye nokwethembeka ezinkolelweni zakhe. UMargaret Thatcher waba ngowokuqala emlandweni waseYurophu - undunankulu. Ubhekise uhulumeni lapho izwe liseduze kwenhlekelele. Ulethe ama-inflation wokulawula okuqinile, kukhawulelwe amandla ezinhlangano zabasebenzi, anciphise izinhlelo zosizo lwezenhlalo futhi anciphise ithonya lombuso emkhakheni wemakethe. Inqwaba yezincwadi zibhaliwe ngomsebenzi wakhe wezepolitiki, amafilimu asusiwe. Kepha impilo yomuntu siqu kaMaggie, njengoba iBrithani yayo ibizwa, yaziwa kancane. Yini eyayingaphandle kwehhovisi lakhe elisedume emgwaqweni ophansi, 10?
Indodakazi uMargaret, uCarol, waba yintatheli. Ngesinye isikhathi, incwadi yakhe "yepharapet" yenze umsindo omningi. Kuye, le ntombazane yakhumbula ukuthi umama wakhe wayehlala esebenza - ngisho nasekulaleni nasemiphefumulweni. Nganoma yiluphi ucingo olubalulekile, abanye babafundisi "bathatha ukubukeka okubusayo" futhi "baya emsebenzini". UCarol onomunyu wafanisa isidleke somndeni seThercher nge-closer enkulu yefriji, engenalo uthando. Cishe uMargaret wayengemnandi ukufunda le migqa lapho, maye, kwakukhona isabelo seqiniso. Ngenkathi eshiya ikhanda lakhe emisebenzini yezepolitiki, uNanny nomyeni babandakanyeka ezinganeni zakhe. Yena, i-Industrialist Denis uDenis Thander, kanye ngaphandle kwenkumbulo, wathandana nalona wesifazane onomlingiswa oqinile, waphila impilo emthunzini wokuthandwa kwayo. Emicimbini yomphakathi ihlala ibambe izinyathelo ezintathu ngemuva - njengoba kufanele ibe seProtocol. Abalaleli babhala ukuthi uMarghi wayeshade nokuhlala. Yize kunjalo, kubonga imali yomyeni wakhe, intokazi yensimbi yakwazi ukuthola imfundo yezomthetho, ukusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo umkhuba wokuzijwayeza futhi akhokhele umzabalazo wendawo egumbini lomphakathi. Lokho wukuthi, ekuqaleni nje emndenini, u-Lady - osopolitiki kwakuwuhlobo lukashukela: kubanda, kunamandla, okuncishwa imizwa yabantu. Kepha, mhlawumbe, kwakuyisikhali nje, imaskhi, ukuze kungabikho muntu ongabona ubuthakathaka bakhe?
Umndeni uMargaret Thatcher
Photo: Rex Izici / Fotodom.ru
Indodakazi kababa
UMaggie wazalelwa edolobheni laseGranham, emndenini weBakayelishchik Alfred Roberts. Ifulethi lapho umndeni wahlala khona, wawusendaweni engenhla kwesitolo, futhi wawungenalo indlu yangasese noma amanzi ashisayo. Ingane yenkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo yezepolitiki yaseBrithani yayithi, Vele uthi, hhayi ushukela. Intombazane yayivame ukumela ekhawuntara, ithola imali yakhe yokuqala. Futhi-ke, ukuba ngundunankulu, wayazi le ntengo: Lapho uThicher enqabile ukusebenzisa abakhokhi bentela yempahla ye-ironing board ngezidingo zezinsizakalo zasekhaya. Wayithenga ezimalini zayo. Esikoleni, uMargaret wabhekwa njengezipho kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye nesilonda esingavamile. Ngolimi olubukhali, ofunda nabo afunda nabo baze babize ne-maggie toothpick yakhe. Ngaphezu kwamakilasi amakhulu, ikusasa elithi "I-Iron Lady" laya ezifundweni zokudlala upiyano, i-hockey otshanini, izifundo zekhono lezinkondlo nokubhukuda. Wavele wamlalela ubaba wakhe, futhi kwabonakala kuye ukuthi uyazi konke konke. Yize uRobert aqeda isikole samabanga aphansi kuphela, wazama konke impilo yakhe ukugcwalisa izikhala, wazijabulisa. Ngokubambisana nendodakazi, babeyizivakashi ezijwayelekile emtapweni wezincwadi wedolobha, lapho bathatha khona izincwadi ezimbili isonto lonke ukuze babafundele. Wabeka nentshisekelo kwezepolitiki.
Ngo-1945, uRobert waqokwa yiMeya yaseGranham, futhi washayela indodakazi emhlanganweni woMkhandlu Wedolobha, lapho uMaggie ethola okuhlangenwe nakho kokuqala kwempikiswano yezepolitiki kanye nempikiswano enobuhlakani. Ngokusobala, ngokusobala u-Alfred wazama ukwakha ukufana kwendodana eyayingakaze, yakhuthaza izimiso zakhe ezinzima zokuziphatha ezivela endodakazini yakhe. "Ungalokothi wenze noma yini ngesizathu sokuthi abangane bakho benzile. Ungalokothi ulandele isixuku nje ngoba wesaba ukubukeka ungathandi. " Uphakamisele ubuhle bokuzikhandla, futhi wonke ama-biographing oNdunankulu waseBrithani athi kusukela eminyakeni yokuqala wahlukaniswa umgomo ongaphezu kokuvamile futhi ngisho nenkani. Wayeneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye lapho ebalwa kuqala emncintiswaneni wesikole wekhono lezinkondlo. Ukunikeza onqobayo, umqondisi waphawula: "Unenhlanhla kangakanani, maggie." Impendulo yatholani: "Cha, ngakufanele!". Kamuva, ebona izithelo zokukhuliswa kwakhe, u-Alfred Roberts ngokwakhe waphoqeleka ukuba avume ukuthi uMargaret wayengamaphesenti angama-99,5 - ukuphelela, kanye nengxenye elahlekile, kanye nenhlabathi elahlekile.
Kepha osopolitiki - odumile, odume ngobubi bakhe nokuqina, wavuma engxoxweni ne-British Television ngo-1980: "Anginzima, ngithambile, ngithambile. Kepha angisoze ngazinikela ukuba ngizithuthele. Ngiyangeneka ukuzwa ukuthi othile ufuna ukungithumelela noma kuphi ngokumelene nesifiso sami ... ngingumholi womhlambi. Kepha uyini lo mholi, uma engaholeli umhlambi ngemuva kwakhe? ". Yilokho uBaba ayezoke aphakanyiswe: "Ungalandeli, futhi uhole." Futhi wayefuna ngempela ukuba ubaba aziqhenye ngaye.
UMaggie ubhekiswe ukupheka futhi njalo ebusuku wayekhuphuka umyeni wakhe odla okumnandi
Photo: Rex Izici / Fotodom.ru
Umuzwa Wothando
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, uMargaret wafaka isicelo sesibonelelo sokufunda amakhemikhali eSomMerville College Oxford - futhi wakwazi ukuyithola. Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, waphothula isikhungo semfundo ehlonishwayo, waba yi-bachelor yesayensi yemvelo. Kamuva wasebenza njengosomakhemisi futhi wafaka nesandla ekusungulweni kokubukeka okusha, "komoya" okwengeziwe kwe-ayisikhilimu. Kepha lokhu akuyona into esemqoka. Kwakusekolishi Maggie okokuqala ngqa othandweni. Maye, lobu budlelwano bamlethela ukudumazeka okukhulu - insizwa yakhe, indodana yakhe, indodana yegrafu, wethuka izinsongo esihlotsheni sakhe sokunciphisa ukwesekwa kwezezimali. Ama-snobs ePivot abonakala sengathi ungumbono oshubile wokuhlangana kwengane yakini nendodakazi yaseBachelorian. Le nsizwa yayithanda ukuba ingaphikisana nentando yezihlobo zakhe futhi yenqaba uthando.
Ngokuzayo lapho uMargaret enqume ukungandize kangako futhi ahlole isigaba esiphakathi esiphakathi. Okhethiweyo wakhe kwakungumlimi-scot. Kepha, ngokusobala, umfana wethukile izifiso zomsebenzi kanye nezinhlaka zemibono yentombazane. Ukuqala ukunakekela uMargaret, uCavalier washintshelwa ngokungalindelekile kudadewabo Muriel. Lokho bekungafuni kakhulu kwezepolitiki, kepha kwaziseziswe kahle ngezingubo, ukupheka kanye nenduduzo yasekhaya.
UDenis Tatcher waba yindoda kuphela uMargaret. Bahlangane ngo-1948 engqungqutheleni yeqembu kanye, lapho kwavunywa khona lapho kubhekwa khona okhethweni lwasePhalamende okhethweni lwePhalamende. UDanis walibangisa ibhizinisi elisungulwe kahle ukuze kukhiqizwe upende, wezwa okulondoloziwe okuqinisekisiwe, kepha kwakungenazo izifiso ezinkulu zezepolitiki. Ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engamashumi amathathu nantathu, futhi wayeneminyaka emithathu emidala kune-heroine yethu. Ngemuva kwamahlombe akhe sekuvele umshado owodwa. By the way, umkakhe wokuqala wabizwa nangokuthi uMargaret. UMargaret Doris Kepson wayeyindodakazi yezezimboni nothando lwakhe lokuqala. Esontweni laseSt. Mary, basho isifungo sokwethembeka komunye nomunye, kodwa bahlukanisa impi. Ukubuyela eNgilandi ngo-1946, uDenis wafunda izindaba ezingemnandi kakhulu: Umkakhe wamthanda enye futhi ubuze isehlukaniso. Ngakho-ke kanye nabo kusukela kuMargaret yesibili kwavela ukuthi kufanana nento evamile: bobabili bafunda ukuthi yikuphi ukukhaphela kothandekayo. Ngowesifazane ongokwezifiso nowokuqonda, osebenza naye emsebenzini weqembu, uDanis wathandana nokubheka nje. Wasebenza kahle kakhulu, kwathi ngo-1951 badlale umshado.
Izingane - Amawele kaCarol noMarku - akhalaze ukuthi ebuntwaneni babenothando nothando. Umama wayengumsebenzi omatasa kakhulu
Photo: Rex Izici / Fotodom.ru
Umngani weqiniso
Babesithi kuye lokho kwakuwumshado ukubalwa futhi wakufaka imali ecebile. Kepha uThecher wayehlala esekela "intokazi enhle" nezifiso zakhe, waba emuva futhi asekelwe emuva - yonke iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu nambili ubudala ahlala ndawonye. Abantu ababazi umbhangqwana oshadile, bathi ngesikhathi sokudla komndeni, uDani wayehlala ehoxa engxoxweni evamile etafuleni. Futhi imvamisa, ubuciko bukaMargaret ebukhoneni bakhe bathula futhi bunokuthula kakhulu, njengokungathi umnika indima ye-violin yokuqala. Futhi akekho, ngaphandle komyeni wakhe, akaphumelelanga ngehora lesithathu ekuseni ukuphula usuku lwayo ngokusebenza ngamazwi: "Kuhle, ake silale, uvuka ekuseni!" Futhi i- "Iron Lady" yezwazwe, noma ngabe ngalesi sikhathi ukhulume nothile kubantu ababaluleke kakhulu. KwakunguDenis owasindisa umkakhe lapho ewela emshinini wayo emaphephandabeni. Iphephandaba ilanga libize uThecher "Owesifazane ongathandeki kakhulu waseBrithani." Ngemuva kwalokho uMargaret waqonda uMnyango Wezemfundo. Umnyango wayo wanciphisa ukwabiwa, futhi uNgqongqoshe weLady wathola okuphuthumayo ukukhuphula izindleko zokuphumula kwezikole. Uphinde wethule imali yobisi, eyayikade inikezwe izingane mahhala. Kwasiza ukusindisa inani lamaphawundi ayisishiyagalombili wezinto ezibucayi, okwakuhloswe ngazo ukufunda. Kepha isilinganiso esingathandeki sabangela isivunguvungu sentukuthelo ezweni. I-Press yafa uMargaret Thatcher "Impendulo kabisi", abazali bathukutheliswa ngesihluku salo, amaLeiborists abiza i-Real. Kubantu "I-Iron Lady" ngandlela thile ngandlela thile. Kepha ekhaya ... sakhala, sakhala, sashaywa ngamahysterics. Kwakungalo ezandleni zomyeni wakhe ukuthi uthole induduzo, wayinika ukwesekwa okudingekayo. Khawukela impilo yomkakhe, uDanis waze wafuna nokuthi washiya ezombusazwe nhlobo. Kepha bendawonye babhekana nalesi simo.
Intokazi yensimbi yayingeyona nhlobo njengabafokazi kubuthakathaka besifazane abancane. Isibonelo, wayesethanda izingubo futhi ehlala emuhle kakhulu futhi egqoke kahle. Uthando lwayo lwezigqoko ezingajwayelekile lwaba ngumzila. "Ngivame ukulala ihora nengxenye kuphela, ngikhetha ukudela isikhathi sokulala ukuze ngibe ne-hairstyle enhle," lo wesipolitiki - osopolitiki wamukelwa. Esikhathini somkhankaso wokhetho, kwamthatha ukuba anciphise isisindo emakhilogremu ayisishiyagalolunye, kwathi emaphephandabeni aze abonakale nezincomo zokudla zinikwa amandla kwaMargaret Thatcher. Ngendlela, wayekuthanda ngempela ukupheka futhi azange enqaba ngisho nangemva kokukhethwa esikhundleni sokubhala. Kumyeni wakhe, wayelungiselela umyeni wakhe njalo kusihlwa (!) Ngezinye izikhathi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi angaphansi kwezitsha zokulungiselela kwawo.
UDenis waba ukwesekwa okuthembekile futhi emuva kumkakhe. Bahlala ndawonye iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu nambili
Photo: Rex Izici / Fotodom.ru
Umshado wokuqala kaDenis wayengenamntwana, ngakho-ke wayefuna izingane ngempela. Futhi uMargaret waya ukumhlangabeza, yize, mhlawumbe, wayesezwile ukuthi izintshisekelo zakhe zaqedwa ngokuphelele kwelinye. I-Apceriko Leather noMama ngeke basebenze. Ngo-1953, kwavela amawele kaCarol noMark. Kade izinyanga ezine ngemuva kokuzalwa kwazo, umama wazo ongaphumeleli wanquma ukuhlanganyela kummeli, eshiya izingane zinakekele uNan. Futhi kamuva, kwezelwa umsebenzi wezepolitiki kulokhu, okwakufuna ngaso sonke isikhathi nokunakwa kukho.
UMargaret wazibongekile ngokuzijwayeza okusemthethweni ngo-1961, waba yisibalo sezepolitiki saphakade, kanye "nonkosikazi kanye nomama wokuhlanganisa". Njengoba yena abhalela yena ngamaMemoiri, wanika izingane zakhe impela ezazibakhathaza ngokwazo. Isidingo sokuhlukana phakathi komndeni nomsebenzi onomthwalo wemfanelo kwesinye isikhathi saletha owesifazane ukuba aze afike emhlophe, wayehlala ezwa ukuba necala ngokuba ngunina ka-nicuddy. Futhi uma umyeni onothando wayengowakhe ngokuzumayo nangokuqonda, khona-ke izingane zazingathetheleli iqiniso lokuthi izidingo zoMbuso zazisezenzele yena ekuqaleni. Indodakazi yasuswa ngokuphelele, futhi indodana yakhulisa umhambisi kanye nesithandwa semali elula. Kamuva, uMargaret wavuma kumngane wakhe weNkosi uSpencer, okuthi, uma enethuba lokuphila impilo futhi, ubengeke angene kwezepolitiki. Kuthinteka kabi kakhulu ngumndeni.
Kepha akakaze ayeke ukubonga isiphetho sokumthumela i-satellite yempilo. "Ukuba nguNdunankulu kusho ukuhlala wedwa. Ngomqondo othile kulungile: Awukwazi ukulawula esixukwini. Kepha eduze noDanis, angikaze ngibe ngedwa. Lo ngumuntu. Lo ngumyeni. Lo ngumngane! " Lapho uDenis Thatcher waya emhlabeni womunye, "intokazi yensimbi" okokuqala ngqa ebuzwa okokuqala kubantu, hhayi amahloni ngumphakathi.
Iqhaza leThorcher kwifilimu elithi "I-Iron Lady" lenze isilinganiso esihle somucu futhi sathola u-Oscar ngakho. Kepha i-heroine kakhulu ayizange isithande isithombe
Photo: Uhlaka oluvela kwifilimu "I-Iron Lady"
Ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, impilo yakhe yanyakaziswa kakhulu. Wasinda emithini emincane, ukwehluleka okukhulu kwaqala ngememori. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iqiniso leminyaka eminingi lahola amandla amakhulu, kwavela okuncane kubantu - wahlushwa yi-Sen Dementia. Ngo-2012, uMargaret wahlehlisela ukusebenza ukuze asuse isimila. Futhi ngonyaka kamuva, okwesishiyagalombili ku-Ephreli, kwakungenjalo. Izwe lonke lamnika inhlonipho kuye, indlovukazi ka-Elizabeth II ibuye yaveza amazwi enduduzo kuye. (Ngesinye isikhathi, wavuzwa esimweni se-baroness.) Kepha kwakungekho muntu waseMargaret eduze naseMargaret emhlanganweni wokugcina wempilo. Izingane, uCarol noMarku, bahlala phesheya, ukuphela kwabazukulu - izingane zikaMarku - nazo ziseTexant Texas.
Uma uMargaret wathi: "Namuhla, abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okusho ngokwawo: abanye bethu baphatha amazwe. Kepha sikhuluma ngenhlonipho, sihleka usulu ukwedlula i-bayonet. "