Ukugweba ngokufumana izinto zakudala, i-chess yaseRussia inkqonkqoza iminyaka eliwaka. Amanani amandulo kulo mdlalo owenziwe ngookhokho bethu kwaye baqatshelwe ngexesha lokumba kwi-Xi-Xiii kwinkulungwane. ngaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, amava ama-moscow athi "amava athi" amancinci "zincinci:" Eyona "ye-piri-feri, ukumba kwinkcubeko yesixeko, iingcali zibhekisa kwinkulungwane ye-XIV.
Hlala ngokuzonwabisa ngebhodi emnyama, abameli beentlobo ngeenyawo - kunye nezikhulu, nabangabhiyozeli, kunye neentsomi ... Kwanakwiintsomi ezingama-Russia, ukukhankanya yomdlalo we-chess ifunyenwe rhoqo. Ookumkani abanje "okuzonwabisa 'babeqhelene. Ukusuka kwimithombo yoxwebhu kuyaziwa ukuba ivan Grozny yayisaziwa ngumdlali we-guys. Kwaye uMongami uPetros mna nonke athengwe kumdlalo ukuze kwanaxa uhambo lwasemkhosini, wayenendawo ekhethekileyo ethambileyo (ukuze ahlukane nale ndlela ahlabayo.
Nangona ngenxa yobulungisa kufuneka kuqatshelwe: Kwakukho amaxesha apho sasifuna ukuba ususe umthetho. KumaXesha Aphakathi, lo mdlalo waphathwa rhoqo ngenxa yokuthintela icawa, ababingeleli bada babhengeza ukuba nguye. Ezomlo zinjalo zenziwa kwi-Xvisi yenkulungwane., Kodwa ekugqibeleni, i-chess "lisilele. Kwaye iindwendwe zangaphandle ezityelele ilizwe lethu zazikunye neetalente zabahlali balapha. "AmaRussia aya kuva abaqabakakhulu eChess," i-Englies W. Cox yabhala kumanqaku akhe, ezazityelele eRussia ngo-1772 - i-chess ixhaphakile eRuscow, andifanelanga ukuba kusembutho, Apho iindwendwe zingadibani zixakekile nale ndlela yokuzonwabisa. Kwaye ndide ndidlule ezitratweni, bendihlala ndibukele abathengisi kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo emva kwalo mdlalo phambi kweendawo zabo kunye nezindlu zabo. "
Ukususela kwisiqingatha sokuqala sencwadi ngaphambi kokuba iprinte ngesiRashiya, nangona kunjalo, kwangaxeshanye, lo mdlalo "wobukrelekrele:" Ingqondo yobomi bemihla ngemihla yamagcisa emihla ngemihla, kwaye ngaphakathi Igosa elinempumelelo, indalo esingqongileyo isusiwe "kwiKhadi elimnandi".
Ubukhulu becala kwi-chess idlale ngoku kumagumbi alo labucala, apho bahlanganisene khona abathandi ngokukodwa. Embindini wenkulungwane ye-19, ezinye iMoscow kunye neevenkile zokutyela zasePersburg, abanini bafakwe ngokukodwa iindwendwe ze-chess embindini we-Xix, ezazingafakwanga iindwendwe (kwindawo enjalo, yayinjalo ukungakhathali phakathi kwetyala ukudlala iqela - abanye abameli bemijikelezo ye-ARTE, Kuphela ngonyaka ka-1877 kwabakho indawo ekhethekileyo, ecocekileyo: kwinzondelelo ebiyintloko ethunyelweyo, ethunyelweyo ngumfundisi oMtsha woMculo A. Slovtsov Cima Isangqa "SoMbutho wabathandi bomdlalo we-chess." Igumbi elahlukileyo layo kwiNdlu 7/2 kwingingqi yeqonga (ecaleni kwendawo yokuphuma kwiNdawo engaphantsi) ibonelele ngeklabhu yeziqubuthelo eziqeshisa le ndawo. Emva kwexesha, ukusuka ngo-1890 ukuya ku-1902, isangqa se-chess sashukuma "phantsi kwe-wing" yentlanganiso ye-Moscow yoogqirha, le yindawo enamagumbi amabini entendelezo yeNkundla yeNdlu yeeNdlu 32).
Indawo yendawo yethiyetha, indlu i-7/2. Apha kwathi wavula isangqa se-moscow.
Inkosi eyaziwayo yaseRussia yomdlalo uMikail Chigorin, onike inkxaso enkulu kuphuhliso lwequmrhu elitsha, elixhathise ukuphuculwa kweMidlalo yeMidlalo entsha, eyaqala kwangoko ukubonisa imisebenzi. Ibulelani kwiingcinezelo ze-MOSCOW i-Mug ukuba iminyhadala yokuqala yaseRussia yonke ilungiselelwe kamva. Kwaye kwi "Dece" yaseKhaya ", i-champion yeHlabathi yeHlabathi yaseRussia uAlexander Alekin wabonakala esidlangalaleni. Ngenxa yosasaza obanzi bomdlalo wakhe "Curakovtsy" bakwazi ukufezekisa iimpapasho rhoqo kwesi sihloko (ngonyaka ka-1882, eMoscow, kunye no-1910, - uphononongo lwephephabhuku eliqhelekileyo ", kwaye ukusukela ngo-1913 ukuya ku-1916 -" IGazethi yeGazethi ", eyayibandakanyekile kumzalwana weChaple yeHlabathi yeLixa elizayo uAlexey Alekhin).
Emva kwetafile ye-chess A. Alekin kunye ne-H. Kapablana.
I-Moscow Chess ngokuthe ngcembe yaqala ukuya kwi-Arna yeHlabathi. Ngo-1866, umzekelo, owayethathwa njengowona mdlali onamandla kwiSixeko saseA. i-starzdov ngempumelelo kumaqela aliqela kunye nenkosi yaseJamani. Kwaye ngo-1896-97. I-Zlagnaya yanyulwa yindawo yokuziphindezela ye-veevenue ye-chajiveli yomhlaba phakathi kwe-Gondermaster edumileyo v
Isangqa se-thess se-moscow khange siphile kwiminyaka yobuxoki yemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala - imisebenzi yayo iye yayeka ngo-1916. Kodwa emva kwenguquko, ubomi be-chess yemali enkulu baphinde bavuseleleke. Ngaphandle kwembuyekezo, indlala, iimeko ezingqwabalala zobukomanya "ngokwasemkhosini", kwindibano yowe-1919-20. Kwakukho ukhuphiswano lwabadlali abanamandla be-chess besixeko, esaqala ukuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba intshatsheli yeSoviet yokuqala yeMoscow.
Kwaye kungekudala kwabakho umsitho omangalisayo ngokupheleleyo: Umbutho "uluntu" (wabandakanyeka kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseSoviet of Sovist Amperm) Ngenxa yokuthanda kwe "Phezulu", ii-cess ze-chess zaqala ukulungiselela yonke indawo, iminyhadala yabanjwa, iklabhu ye-chess yavulwa kwikomkhulu, kwaye icandelo le-Chess lavela kwi-MAGRE "Impembelelo yale I-paradox yayilula: "Isixhobo sokuphatha" sasisetyenziswa nguMkomishinara weKhomishini A. I-Ilin-egen-Geneva, owayengumthandi omkhulu we-chess. Sele ngo-Oktobha 1920, ii-genes zilungelelaniswe kwiKlabhu ye-Chess ye-MOSCOW (wayephethe indawo kwinombolo yeNdlu ye-7/5 kwi-Olympiad ye-Olympiad-esi sisiganeko sokuqala se-World Google yeHlabathi xa ukhuphiswano lwalukhona Igcinwe nguRhulumente, hayi umbutho wasesidlangalaleni. Ngokweziphumo zolu khuphiswano, umphathi-Grander A. Waba yintshatsheli yokuqala yelizwe.
I-chess iqhubeke nokunandipha inkxaso kwezona zininzi zelizwe kwaye kamva. Ekuqaleni kobusika bowe-1925, kwiholo ye-interpol yehotele (yahlukile: Indlu yesibini yeSoviet) ibambe ukhuphiswano lwe-moscow yokuqala ye-Moscow. Yayingobuqhetseba enye yezehlo ezininzi ezinkulu ezinokubandakanyeka kwiindwendwe zangaphandle, ezaziqhutywa eBolshevik Russia. Iimali zombutho woKhuphiswano kunye norhulumente waseSoviet owabelwe umrhumo we-gess ye-chess yamanye amazwe. Kwaye ithathelwe ingqalelo: emva kwayo yonke loo nto, iinkwenkwezi ezininzi zobukhulu bokuqala zifikile e-Hoscow: i-champion yehlabathi ye-H. Kapablanca, i-Ex-Champion Eskerms, i-Ex-Godmars Ukungakwazi ukuthenga indawo kwiholo, egcwele emnyango, okubi ngokubambisa ulwazi malunga nekhosi elandelayo eyenziwe kwiqela elilandelayo.
Umdlali weSoviet Chess Chess E. Bogolyubov waphumelela uloyiso kolu tyelelo "lorhwebo", kwaye ukuba impumelelo engekho semthethweni yayingumkhuhlane wenyani "kwi-USSR, enkulu kakhulu Izixeko, kwiilali zabasebenzi, abafundi, i-Schooldren I-Shoft yatyhalelwa kwizangqa ze-chess kunye namacandelo. "Umdlalo wobulumko" wakudala "iminyaka emininzi iye yaba yenye yezona zithandwa kakhulu kweli lizwe.