Kutheni le nto umntu angayifumana iikeyiki yonke imihla kwaye abona isilika esipilini? Kwaye umntu uhlala emanzini naseGilery, echitha iintsuku nobusuku kwindawo yokuzivocavoca, kodwa uqhubeka efumana ubunzima? Okanye yenzeka ngolu hlobo: Intombi ilahlekile ubunzima ekutyeni okutsha, nangona kunjalo, landela ngokupheleleyo iyeza, liye lajikelezwa kakhulu?
Ngamanye amaxesha isizathu kukuba ayisiyiyo kanye loo nto okanye enye indlela yokuphulukana nobunzima kukodwa. Ukuqonda ukuba le ndlela yokuhamba, ngamanye amaxesha akufuneki uzame ukuzama zonke iindlela ngokulandelelana, kwaye ufumane eyakho, umntu ngamnye.
Kungenxa yoko le nto kutshanje ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukutya okunesondlo kunye nemithwalo yomzimba kwiDNA ivele. E-US, uvavanyo olunjalo lusetyenziswa kuyo yonke indawo, kodwa eRashiya sifika kuphela ukuba wonke umntu ufuna indlela umntu ngamnye. Ewe, akunakwenzeka ukutshintsha isakhiwo semfuza efundwayo, kodwa siyakwazi ukuwuchaphazela ngokufanelekileyo umsebenzi wabo kule mizuzwana xa sisela, sitya, sitya umthambo, khetha imowudi yokusebenza kunye nokuzonwabisa.
-Ukusoloko usebenzisa iimvavanyo ze-DNA ukumisela izinto zempilo? Kutheni uthathe isigqibo sokuba le yindlela enemveliso?
-Iimvavanyo zokuqala ze-DNA ezinoku-odolwa, ngaphandle kogqirha, zivele ekuqaleni kuka-2000. Sele uninzi lwalucacile: Iimvavanyo, ukuba zitolikwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zihlengahlengise indlela ophila ngayo, sisixhobo esinamandla, "utsho njalo UMarina Vieva , I-buyoningbrands i-Beyor, impilo, ingcali yesondlo, i-epigenetics, ixesha lokuphumla kunye nee-DNA. - Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, iimfuza zethu azitshintshi ebomini, kodwa kuxhomekeka ekubeni sinendlela nendlela esiyenzayo, banokuyichaphazela njani impilo yethu - isitshixo esihle okanye esihle. Umzekelo, "ubuhle" bunokuqhubeka nokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo okanye bhetele, kwaye "i" ten "i-tene inokuthi ikhule sisifo okanye ihlale yonke ubomi.
UMarina Vieva, iNgcali yezeMpilo, i-Nutriology, i-epigenetics, amandla okuphumla kunye neemvavanyo ze-DNA
Ifoto: Indawo yogcino lomntu
Zingqongqo kangakanani iimfuza ezichaphazela ziphi izifo esinokuzibonakalisa ngayo?
Izifo zeMonogenic zinepesenti enkulu yothutho lwamathuba, kwaye zibalelwa luqikelelo olune-10, ngelixa malunga namawaka ama-5 afundwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezo zifo zinqabile kwaye iimeko zabo kubemi ukusuka kwi-1: 10,000 ukuya kwi-1: i-1 000,000. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba sifumaneke kwaye siyiintands esaziwa ngayo) ixhomekeke kwindalo esingqongileyo Uhlobo lwendlela yokuphila yoluntu kunelifa elizuzwe njengelifa. Izifo ezininzi malfibactous zibandakanya izifo ezihlala zihlala zihlala zisifo, ingcinezelo ephezulu, isifo seswekile, umhlaza, isifo samathambo, isifo sika-Alzheimer. Ukwenzela ukuba ichonge idatha yendudumo, kufanelekile ukuba uvavanye uvavanyo lwe-DNA kwangoko ukutshintsha indlela yokuphila kwaye unganikeli sifo ukuba siphuhlise.
Oko kukuthi, kuyavela ukuba umhlaza awuphathili njengelifa kwaye kuphela indlela yokuphila kuphela ichaphazela ukukhula kwayo?
Ngokutsho kophando, uninzi lwezifo ze-incofagical alinxibelelanisi nomhlaza omhlaza, kwaye ihlala isiphumo sotshintsho lwezifo zezokhuseleko kuyo. Ngaphantsi kwe-10% yezifo ezingeyonyani zinokufunyanwa njengelifa, kwaye emva koko kuphela ukubonakaliswa komhlaza kudluliselwe ngokwemvelo, hayi isifo ngokwaso. Kwaye, umngcipheko wesiganeko sayo wahlukile, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza. Umzekelo, umhlaza webele kukunokwenzeka kakhulu.
Kuba asitshintshi imfuza ngexesha lobomi, ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo lwe-DNA lunikezelwa kube kanye ebomini?
Ukuba sithatha imfuza efanayo kunye ne-polymorphisms, ke ewe, uvavanyo lunikezelwa kanye. Kodwa inyani yile yokuba kukho uninzi lwabo kwaye ayingabo bonke basayamkelayo. Umzekelo, kuvavanyo lokutya, iimfuza ezingama-62 zithathelwa ingqalelo, kwaye kuvavanyo "lokuzonwabisa olusengqiqweni" - 46, ezinye zazo zingenelela. E-United States, kukho iimvavanyo apho i-93 gene inokutshekishwa, kodwa okwangoku, ulonwabo aluphantsi. Ungajonga isahlulo seDNA: Okokuqala ukudlula nge-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeyona ntlobo ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye emva koko kusekho iipaneli ezongeziweyo-jonga ezinye iindudumo. Kodwa ewe, imfuza efanayo kunye neepolymorphsfusfs akufuneki ziphinde ziphile ubomi, njengoko zihlala zingatshintshi. Nantsi indlela eza kubonisa ngayo ebomini, omnye umbuzo.
Sixelele ukuba le nto yenzeka njani le nkqubo ngokubanzi? Zinjani izinto kwangaphambili?
Ukuqala ngamathe, ukusuka ngaphakathi kwi-Cheek, i-biomaters iyahamba. Kwaye ke, xa ingena elabhoratri, inkqubo yokulandelelana yenzeka ngezixhobo ezizodwa. Ke, kuba iphaneli nganye ifunyenwe, itshekishwe iipolymorfism kuzo. Apho sinokubona, umzekelo, i-polymorphism ye-geness ngokufumana i-latose okanye utyekelo lokutyeba kakhulu, ngokulandelelana, ingxelo enezindululo nganye.
Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo ziyincopho ngakumbi kunemiyalelo ecacileyo yesenzo?
Ewe kanye. Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-DNA azixilikisi, zihlala zivaliwe, zisekwe kwiziphumo. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba iingcebiso zinokubakholisa ngakumbi. Oku kuyenzeka, ngakumbi, kunye nokudityaniswa kweepolymorfisms ezithile. Umzekelo, nge-lipid engapheliyo ye-metabolism, utyekelo lokutya kunye neswekile, apha, endaweni yoko, kuya kubakho imiyalelo yesenzo, endaweni yeengcebiso nje. Kodwa, kunjalo, bamiselwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo ngugqirha.
Kodwa ngokubanzi, uvavanyo lwemfuzo kufuneka lwenziwe kubo bonke okanye kuphela abanalo izikhalazo?
Ndicinga ukuba yile: ukuba umntu uphilile ngokupheleleyo, ke uvavanyo lusafanelekile ukudlula, kodwa ngeminyaka engama-28 ukuya kwengama-30 ubudala. Kukholelwa ukuba ngokuthe ngqo kweli xesha liqala inkqubo yokwaluphala, olu luhlobo lwendawo yokutshintsha. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ukuba ngoku abaninzi bahlala eMegalopolis, dibanisa kwiSqinileyo yanamhlanje yobomi banamaqhuqhuva amaninzi, ke mhlawumbi ngalo mzuzu uza neminyaka engama-28 ngaphambili. Kodwa ngokubanzi - ewe, kweli xesha, sinolwabiwo lwabiwo mali lwento yonke kwinkqubo yethu kwaye ukuba lelo xesha lethu linokulungelelanisa elona nani liphezulu lezinto kunye nokutya okungenampilo, emva koko kuya kuncipha bonke, ngenxa yoko, Izinto ezingalunganga ziya kubonisa kwaye zichaphazela impilo kwinqanaba elikhulu ngakumbi. Ewe, kunjalo, kufanelekile ukuba ukuba kukho nakuphi na, imbali yothando, imbali yosapho, nangaphambi kokuba uphumelele uvavanyo, ngcono.
Zininzi iintlobo zazo kwimarike yeDNA yeDNA. Ndixelele, ukuba umntu unokudlulisa uvavanyo olunye, ungacebisa njani?
Ukuba sithetha malunga nobudala ngokwaneleyo, malunga neminyaka engama-25 ukuya kwengama-6 ukuya kwengama-6 ukuya kwengama-6, kunjalo, kufanelekile ukuba udlule "distolog" ukufumana eyona nkqubo yamandla. Emva komhla wama-35 kuye kwakufanelekile ukukhetha "i-ongenvity esebenzayo". Kwaye ndide ndincoma olu vavanyo lwabafazi ngo-30, kuba zikho izinto ezinjengokudinwa kwee-ovari, umzekelo. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kucwangciso losapho, kwaye intombazana esemdala ibalulekile ukwazi amandla abo. Kwaye, isifo esinjalo, njenge-Alzheimer, siqala ukwenza iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuba i-10 ukuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kwemiqondiso yokuqala: Ke, ukunqanda ukugula, kuya kufuneka unciphise umngcipheko.
Ukongeza kwiimvavanyo zemfuza, kukwakhona uvavanyo lwe-allergic lokukhohlisa kweemveliso. Kwaye kuloo nto, kwenye, iimveliso ezithile zikhethiwe, ezivunyelwe, kwaye ezingafanelekanga. Zithini ezi mvavanyo zimbini ezahlukileyo komnye?
Owona mahluko ubaluleke kakhulu ngumgaqo-siseko wovavanyo. Kwiimvavanyo ze-DNA, iimfuno zekhuselo, kodwa iphaneli ye-allergic yenziwa egazini. Kwaye, uvavanyo lwemfuzo lujonga ezona phatho zibalulekileyo, kwaye zininzi izinto ezinobunzima kwi-allergic. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, umiselwe xa i-allergic sele ityhilwe kwaye kufuneka ufumane ukuba yintoni. Ke ngoko, kuvavanyo lwe-allergic, ijongiwe ngqo kuluhlu, nokuba kukho ukuphendula kokutya okuthile, umungu, izilwanyana, njalo njalo.
Oko kukuthi, kuvavanyo lwe-allergic ngaphezulu kweephaneli ezingalunganga ziqwalaselwa?
Ngokwesiqhelo iqala ngokutsha, thatha ezona zinto zinamandla ze-alleger: i-cereal, itshokholethi, izityalo zepoli, uboya bezilwanyana, i-lactose. Ukuba i-allergy eyomeleleyo, emva koko sele bebukele ngaphezu koluhlobo ukuze bafumane ukuba kuyintoni na indlela yokuphendula. Olo vavanyo alubizi, kuba inani leephaneli linokufikelela kwi-50-70. Unokwenza ngokwahlukileyo, thabatha indlela "yedwa,", isebenza kwiimeko ezininzi. Eyona mveliso iphantsi kukuba imveliso ekrokreyikiweyo ayibandakanywa ekutyeni iiveki ezimbini, kwaye sijonga ukuba umntu uziva njani. Emva koko, imveliso iphinde yaziswa kwakhona kwaye, kwakhona, sijonga impilo-ntle. Kukho impendulo engentle, emva koko imveliso icocwe kwakhona: ukuba iimpawu zihamba nyhani, emva koko inqweneleka ukuba ayikhupheli imveliso enjalo ekutyeni ngokubanzi.
Esi sisiseko sokutya, ewe?
Ewe, nguye. Ndingayicebisa konke konke, nokuba i-allergies ayibonwa. Ngayiphi na imeko, okwangoku akukho kuvavanywa ii-DNA kuzo zonke iimveliso. Kodwa kwimveliso efanayo, abantu abahlukeneyo baya kuphendula ngokwahlukileyo. Thatha, umzekelo, ipere, unesalathiso esiphakamileyo se-glycemic. Kwisifo seswekile enye, oku kunokuphakamisa inqanaba leglucose ngamacandelo angama-20, kwaye enye kuphela i-3-4. Kwaye ngoncedo lokutya okunjalo, unokulandelela indlela umzimba ophendula ngayo kwimveliso ethile.