Ngokweziko lemfundo lokuthintela ukuthintela nokudibanisa uGawulayo, iRussia iphakathi kwamazwe alishumi awosulelekileyo: Namhlanje inani lamawaka angama-7, kubandakanya amawaka amawaka abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 ubudala . Ngo-2011, i-62,384 intsholongwane kaGawulayo yatyhilwa kwi-Russian Federation-nge-10.6% ngaphezulu ku-2010. Kwiinyanga ezilishumi ngo-2012, amawaka angama-56 amawaka esulelo abhalisiweyo, kwaye ama-7 ka-2012, amawaka amatsha amawaka axelwe kwangaphambili. Xa ukonga ezo rhafu, inani lezinto ezibhalisiweyo ezibhalisiweyo ezibhalisiweyo ziya kufikelela kwizigidi ezili-1. Sele ngo-2015. Ngokubanzi, amanani abonisa ukuba imeko ngokubanzi yosulelo lwe-HIV kwiRussia Federation ibe mandundu kwaye idla ngokuyenza ngokubanzi esi sifo. Ungayiphepha njani le nto, uxelele intloko ye-ofisi yommeli yeBD -Bekton, Dikenson nenkampani Aleksei Vladimivrovich bobrik.
Intloko yeOfisi ye-BD-Bekton, Dikenson nenkampani Aleksei Vladimirovich Bobrik.
-Alexey Vladimirovich, ndixelele imeko yesi sifo kweli lizwe?
Ngelishwa, imeko kweli lizwe iyeyonakalisa ngenxa yenyani yokuba ukukhawulezisa ukosulelwa kukuhlala ngokuqinileyo phakathi kweSterosex Steam Steam Steam Steam. Ukuba ngaphambilana kuluntu lwaluqinisekile ukuba eyona pesenti isulelekileyo ye-HIV kunye neziyobisi, namhlanje iqela elikhulu elinomngcipheko, kuba wonke umntu otyhafileyo umntu osulelwe yi-HIV. Uninzi lwenzeka rhoqo xa abafazi batshatayo, kodwa bafihla kuye ukuba umntu uyagula, kwaye xa ukhulelwe ukuthatha iimvavanyo, ityhila i-HIV. Emva koko, funda ukuba ulikhoboka leziyobisi kwaye wayenomdla kwintsholongwane kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, kodwa umnqweno wokwenza usapho kunye nomntwana wayengabi ngaphantsi kwawo. Uyaqhawula umtshato, thanda umntu kwaye umnike intsholongwane. Ukuba obhubhani ibikhe yaqala indawo yokuhlala, ngoku ubhubhane waya ngesitayile. Namhlanje, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zabemi zichaphazeleka kwintsholongwane. Kwaye kukho idatha yovavanyo ebekwe ngokoqobo kwiminyaka embalwa malunga nesigidi ngabemi bosulelekile eRussia.
-Uza kwenza ntoni kwimeko enjalo?
-Namhlanje, zonke iinkqubo zokulwa izixhobo ze-AIDs ziyekisiwe eRussia. Imibutho emininzi yoluntu ihluthwa imali. Kancinci ukuphatha isigulana, kufuneka ubonelele ngoxilongo oluphezulu, kunye nezixhobo eziziswe kwilizwe lethu kudala ziphelelwe lixesha. Inkqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla nezinto yokuthengwa kwempahla yayakhelwa kwinto yokuba amachiza ashiyiweyo kunye neziyobisi athengwa, ezo zihlala zingasebenzi. Ilizwe lethu lifuna icebo lesizwe, kwaye akunjalo.
Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukucwangcisa ukuthintela ubuchule kuqeqesho loluntu. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwekhondom kukhuselwe kusulelo! Kodwa funda ukuba ngawaphi amaxabiso. Baziphathe kakuhle, balula kakhulu, baya kuthenga ibhotile yebhiya kunekhondomu. Ezinye zengcinga zezoloo-zikhuselwe kakubi. Ngapha koko, isitofu sokugonya ngokuchasene ne-AIDS sikhusela kakubi. Isebenza kuphela ekusebenziseni ubunzima.
-Ngokongeza kwiikhondomu, yintoni enokukhusela kwi-AIDS? Ngapha koko, banokosulelwa esibhedlele, iimeko ezinjalo aziqhelekanga.
-Ukuhamba kunye nenkqubela phambili emhlabeni musa ukuma. Kwakukho izinto eziguqukayo eziguqukayo ezitshintshe ngokupheleleyo ukuthintela, unyango kunye nekamva labantu abanjalo. Kumazwe aphuhlileyo, imbonakalo enkulu yezixhobo zetekhnoloji yavela, ivumela ukuthintela ubungozi bosulelo. Olu phuculo oluneetekhnoloji ezintsha lunxulunyaniswa. Enye yayo imveliso kunye nokuthengwa kokuzinikezela, isithongo esihle. Ucinga ngalo mfanekiso, kuphela kunyaka ophelileyo eRussia, malunga ne-2 yamawaka abasebenzi bafumana uthintelo lonxibelelwano emva emva kokuba inaliti ineentsana ezosulelekileyo kunye nezinye iimeko ezingxamisekileyo zosulelo lwe-HIV. Kuyenzeka ukuba wosulele uGawulayo esibhedlele, kodwa ukuba uthatha izixhobo zonyango ubuncinci ngenxa yezixhobo, zinokuba sisiseko sokhuseleko.
- Siyintoni iSiringe?
- Esi sisirinji yexesha elinye, enepiston emva kwenaliti emva kwenaliti emva kwenaliti. Ixesha lesibini alinakwenzeka ukwenza inaliti. Ukujonga ukuba uninzi lweziyobisi zeziyobisi zinamathele kwisirinji enye, isixhobo sokusasaza asizukuvumela ukuba siphinde senziwe. Iziriutsi zokuzingca ziyindlela yehlabathi. Oogqirha abaninzi bosulelekile kwaye bosulelwe yi-AIDS kunye neenkqubo. Kwaye ngo-2001, uMongameli uBeil Clinton wasayina ummiselo wokuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi bezonyango basebenzisa izixhobo kuphela ezizenzileyo. Izirinji zeglasi zazisemgangathweni phakathi kwe-80s, kwaye ngoku awuyi kubafumana. Ngokufanayo, umkhondo wehlabathi uqala uvela ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye emva kweminyaka eli-10 ukubona isirinji esiqhelekileyo siya kuba nzima. Ngexabiso, ngokwexabiso ngokulinganayo. Amatyala osulelo olungafanelekanga koogqirha beenaliti, abosulelwa yi-AIDS bathetha malunga, bekhuselekile kwaye besebenzisa izixhobo zokuzinikezela ngokuzinikela, bezilondolozo. Ingxaki yothungelwano lwe-nosoramial lentsholongwane lubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ngubani ekufuneka anike i-odolo malunga nokuthenga kwezi zixhobo?
Ngexesha elinye, umzabalazo kunye neProphylaxis kunye neKhomishini kaRhulumente yayikhokelwa nguMphathiswa I-Holikova, kodwa kwathi qengqeleka ngokukhawuleza. Okwangoku, akucaci ukuba ngubani okhokelela kwilizwe elilwa nosulelo lwe-HIV. Ngokusemthethweni, akukho mntu umise umntu. E-US, apho intsholongwane kaGawulayo ingaphantsi kwelapha, ilawula inkqubo ye-Obama. Kwi-Intanethi kukho ulwazi. Kwilizwe lethu, malunga nabantu abangama-200 bosuleleka imihla ngemihla, kodwa kusekho iqhinga elicacileyo nomzabalazo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathe amanyathelo ngokungxamisekileyo ukuxhobisa inkqubo yezempilo kwaye kule ndlela kukho indlela enkulu. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo kwexa elizayo yeyobugcisa mide. Ukongeza, sinako kwaye kufuneka siqiniseke ngokhuseleko lwabantu abajikelezileyo kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo, bazisa ngezinto eziqhelekileyo zokusebenzisa izixhobo zonyango ezinokukhusela ubunjineli.
- Zeziphi iindawo esinazo "kumandla" kubanye kusulelo lwe-HIV? Ngaba ngumthetho malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho olohlwayo lomsebenzi wokuhanjiswa?
- Indawo yokuqala nguMmandla we-Irkutsk. Imeko elusizi eSt. Petersburg, ipesenti enkulu ye-HIV kwingingqi ye-Samara. EMoscow, le datha ephikisanayo, kuba iindwendwe ezininzi kwaye zibachonge phantse akunakwenzeka, kodwa imeko ayilunganga. Ngelishwa, izigulana ezininzi zivela kwinqanaba lokugqibela lesifo, elixhaphaza imeko. Iiklinikhi zabucala, ziqhuba uphando kwaye zityhila usulelo kwisigulana, musa ukulixela, ke i-statistics oscillate. Ukusasazeka kosulelo kukho isohlwayo solwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye ngoku ngaphezulu kwemicimbi yekhulu kuqwalaselwe. Kodwa ubunzima kukuba umfazi owosulelekileyo kwindoda yakhe kunzima kakhulu ukuyifaka ingxelo.
-Ukuba abaphathi bafunda ukuba omnye wabasebenzi i-HIV wosulelekile, ngaba unelungelo lokumndululelayo?
-Ngaba akukho mda kwezi zigulana ungamkelekanga. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iqela alifuni, ukuze umntu ogulayo asebenze ecaleni kwakhe. Ke ngoko, inkokeli ye-smart iya kwenza yonke into ukususa umsebenzi owosulelekileyo. Uya kufunyanwa ukuba mva, ngenxa yokungahambi isikolo, kumsebenzi osemgangathweni ophantsi. Kodwa ukuba igqwetha lingqina enkundleni ukuba iwadi yakhe ayinamsebenzi, wayenokuyiphumelela kwinkundla yamatyala aze afumane imbuyekezo. EYurophu, bekukho iimeko ezinjalo, ezinye iinkampani kwakufuneka zihlawule izigidi ngezibalo. Kwakukho iimeko apho umntwana osulelwe yi-HIV akakhutshelwa ngaphandle esikolweni. Ukufumana ucalucalulo, abazali banokufaka isicelo esikolweni. Kodwa ukuntsokotha kwale meko kukuba abazali babantwana abasempilweni bachasene nomntwana wabo ukuba bafundisise ngezigulana.
-Cubize, iBhunga leNgcali?
-Andifuni nokuziphatha kwesi sihloko, kodwa kuyavela ukuba izinto zokuziphatha zisasebenza eluntwini. Usulelo lwe-HIV luxhomekeke kuwo onke amacandelo abantu, kufunyanwa kubantu abazizityebi. Ootitshala abosulelekileyo, abasebenzi base-ofisini, eyona ntsholongwane ixhaphakileyo kwindawo ye-Actor. Akukho cebiso likhethekileyo lokuphepha usuleleko, kodwa ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo zokukhusela zamkelwe kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye ingozi yesifo inokuphepheka.