Nigute iherezo ryabahinduye ibisekuruza byose? Igitangaje, izi nkuru zisanzwe zisa: Igiturika, ikinamico, ibyago no guharanira inyungu. Mubuzima bwumugore wambere wagiye mu kirere, Valentina Tereshkova ntabwo byabaye. Urebye, uwatsinze ijuru yaratsinze kandi aramenyekana, gukundwa n'abantu na bagenzi babo. Kuburyo mubyukuri, valentine n'inshuti ze batangiye kubwira vuba.
Tereshkova imitwe itanu, hafi ya mirongo itanu namategeko. Biracyakomeza kuba umugore wambere numugore wenyine watuye mumwanya wo guteranya umwanya wenyine. Yashakanye na intwari na mugenzi we na mugenzi we Andriyan Nikolaev. Yumye mu bitwa uruziga rw'abaturanyi b'umunyamabanga mukuru Nikita Khrushchev. Abagore bo muri usss bose basabye gusubiramo imyambaro ye, abagabo basanga inyenyeri za pois ishimishije. "Icyambere" - Umubare wa mbere, bifitanye isano nibikorwa bya valentina vladimirovna, bimaze kuvuga imyaka mirongo itanu n'itanu - kuva umugani wo gusohoka Tereshkova muri orrekova muri orratkova muri orreshkova muri orratkovava mu bwato "Vostok-6". Urashobora kuboha muri yaroslavl tekereza ko ubuzima bwe bushobora kumera nkuburozi bwa hollywood ibury?
Ikimenyetso cyerekana Valentina Tereshkova
ru.wikipedia.org.
Umukobwa
Hano hari ibihuha byinshi byatoranijwe kuva umubare munini wabasabye kubera inkomoko yayo. Umuryango wumushoferi uhinduranya rutolika Rustic Rustic Umushoferi hamwe nabakozi bo mu ruganda Valya yari umwana wo hagati, umutunzi yazimiye hakiri kare. Vladimir Tereshkov yagiye mu ntambara yo muri Soviti-Finnish, yapfuye, kandi hafi kugeza mu 1954, umuvandimwe wa Comsmonie yari afite imyaka cumi n'irindwi, musaza wa mushiki wanjye, mushiki wa Vli wabayeho nabi. Umukobwa yagombaga kuva mu ishuri nyuma yitsinda ririndwi, shaka igihingwa. Bidatinze, yinjiye muri Mama, aba umukozi mu nganda. Byasa nkaho ubuzima bwe bwari butegereje ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose: umurimo winangiye n '"ejo hazaza heza". Niba atari umwe "ariko".
Umusore w'intwari yari afite ibiyobyabwenge, byatandukanije n'abakobwa bakora bo mu myaka ye, - Tereshkova yarose ibibera parasute. Mu kazi ke k'umuntu no kwiga mu ishuri rya nimugoroba, umukobwa yitabiriye umuzenguruko wa siporo ya parasute. Byongeye kandi, yayoboye ibikorwa by'ishyaka: Kuva burundu nyuma yo gusangira hakiri kare, Valentine yinjiye mu mahanga, Valentine, mu buryo bw'urubyiruko, "mu mukobwa woroshye, ingese n'ubushobozi bwo gucunga abantu byari bikomeye.
Iyo Tereshkova yari afite imyaka makumyabiri n'itanu, imyiteguro yatangiriye muri GSSR kugirango ishyire mubikorwa gahunda zikomeye zo kwigarurira umwanya. Sergey Korolev ayobowe na Nikita Khrushchev azwiho umugambi wo kohereza umugore wohereza umugore muri orbit - hanyuma irushanwa rya Shampiyona na Amerika ryatsindira burundu kandi byuzuye. Buri mukondo (kandi ubanza hariho hafi igihumbi) zumva inshingano zaba zigomba kwihanganira icyubahiro nicyubahiro. Izina ry'umuntu utangirira kuri "Iburasirazuba" rizakomeza, bityo rero, mu bitabiriye indege, amarushanwa n'abandi bishimishije, ibintu bidashimishije by'itsinda ry'amatsinda. Ariko, ukurikije ibyavuzwe na bitanu byanyuma, birimo valentine ebyiri, Tereshkova na Pondomareva, Irina Solovyov na Tatiana Herkin na Zhanna Herkin, muri bo nta shyari ryahari. Sergey Korolev wategetse ku giti cye gutegeka no gutegura abagore, akenshi barabahindukirira: "Abakobwa, mu kirere bazaguruka umwe muri mwe, biragaragara. Ariko ntukarakare kubwacu, kuko abatazaguruka iki gihe, ndetse nindege zishimishije kandi ndende zizagumaho. Reka tubyemere, cyangwa tuzarohama kubera ko umuntu atazaguruka, cyangwa azaba yitegura. "
Ibizamini byaguye kumugabane wa Tereshkova ninshuti ze (zamenyesheje ubuzima bwe bwose) bari bikomeye kandi bagakomera kuruta abantu-astations. Togo yasabye abaganga b'igihe cyose bari bazi ko umubiri wumugore uzihanganira uburemere ubundi kuruta umugabo. Abakobwa bahuguwe mubushyuhe bukomeye nigituba bitonyanga, byashyizwe mubyumba bimwe birokotse, bagenzura ituze rya psychologiya, n'ahantu hose Valya ntabwo yari afite umwanya ukomeye. Mubya bitanu byagezweho nibyo byiyoroshya cyane. Byongeye kandi, Tereshkova yari inararibonye ya parashite yatoranijwe: Urugero, wasinze arindwi, mugihe valentine yashoboye gukora mirongo cyenda gusa.
Hano kandi wagize uruhare rwinkomoko ya Tereshkova. Nubwo abaganga n'abatoza, yabaye uwambere mu ndege. Afite akamaro kanini mu Ishyaka ryari rikora imibereho myiza ya Valentina, kuva mu rubyiruko, yari azi kuvuga mu ruhame. Nubwo byari bimeze bityo ariko, yashyizweho kabiri kabiri kabiri.
Dukurikije ibihuha, ubukwe bwa Andriyan Nikolaev na Tereshkova byateguwe na Nikita Khrushchev ubwe. Bidatinze, umukobwa wenyine wa Cosnauths Elena yagaragaye
Ifoto: Vladimir Musael
Kuraho ingofero!
Niki gukora umugore niba muri vuba agomba kujya murugendo rurerure? Abakobwa uko ari batatu bari munsi yumunsi nyamukuru mubuzima bwabo bahisemo guhindura byimazeyo ishusho kandi byoroheje umusatsi ugeze mumujyi wa Stillar kugirango ayigarurire umusatsi. Rusy Tereshkova yabaye brunette. Icyicaro gikuru cyari gifite ubwoba: ifoto mbere yuko itangira kandi nyuma yo kugwa byagombye gutandukana kwisi yose.
Yari afite impungenge? Byagize ubwoba? Nyuma yimyaka myinshi, yarabibwiye ati: Ibyishimo byishimo byari bikomeye cyane kuburyo yahagaritse amarangamutima asigaye. Ariko abandi, hanyuma abatuye isi bose, bumvise kuri valentine interuro gusa - Kimwe na Gagorinsky "yagiye!", Ariko ku buryo: "Hey! Ijuru! Kuraho ingofero! " - Rangurura ijwi imbere yo gutangiza "uburasirazuba-6" "" inyanja ". Iki kimenyetso cyo guhamagara cyerekanaga umukobwa Yuri Gagarin.
Ati: "Nishimiye cyane ko ntaribeshye mu guhitamo umugore wa mbere - icyogajuru," nk'uko Jenerali Kamynin ako kanya nyuma y'ikiruhuko, wateguye Tereshkov guhunga. Yoo, ariko byari intangiriro gusa. Biteguye byibuze, Valentine yagiye igasanga muri orbit hamwe nibibazo bikomeye. Mubungabunga uburemere, ntibyari bihanganirwa no kugenda byoroshye, ntabwo aribyo haba cyangwa byandika ibiganiro bikenewe. Kunesha iseseta no gutandukana, TereshKOva yafashe amashusho yisi, avugana numufasha we mugitangira muri Iburasirazuba-5, Cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky na ... basinziriye. Inzozi z'inyoni zitwaga kurenga ku buryo bukabije uburyo bwateganijwe, ariko ntibyashobokaga gukanguka valentine kuva hasi - ntabwo yagiye ku ngoma, ntiyigeze asubiza ibimenyetso. Byari ngombwa ko "umuturanyi" we muri orbit wa Bykovsky muri radiyo itaziguye kuzamura inkuba ndende.
Mu ndege hari undi, akaga cyane kuruta inzozi za buri munsi, ibintu byamenyekanye vuba. Iri banga rya valentine ryabitswe igihe kirekire bisabwa Umwamikazi wa Sergey. "Inyanja, ndakubajije, ntukabiganireho." Na mirongo itatu nabitse iri banga. "Uyu munsi birazwi ko bitewe no kwishyiriraho ibitari byo kwishyiriraho insinga, nyuma yo kugera ku bwato bwarwo, nyuma yo kugera kuri orbit, ariko yakuwe mu butaka. Jenerali Kamynn yasobanukiwe uko Umuryango washoboraga kurangira - icyogajuru ntirushobora gutaha. "Yagerageje inshuro ebyiri ku bwato no kuvugisha ukuri. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu kavukire, Nta mbaraga yari hafi, yashoboye gukora amakuru mashya muri mudasobwa yo kuri interineti.
Muri 2011, Dmitry Medvedev yatanze gahunda ya Valentina Tereshkov
Ifoto: www.kremlin.ru.
Yashyizwe - na igihe kirekire - iminsi itatu ahantu heza, igihe cyo kugwa kirageze. Parashi nini ntizari intungane, kandi Tereshkova, iguruka hejuru yikiyaga, yatinyaga ko azapfa aramutse adafite imbaraga zo kuguma hejuru. Amahirwe. Umugore wa mbere, wasuye umwanya, agwa mu butaka bwa Altayi, akubita he hemoshlem maze yinjiza igikomere kinini munsi yijisho. Kuva muri Squadra, yafashijwe gukuraho abatuye umudugudu wegereye. Ibyishimo, inyanja yahawe ibibyimba bifite "cosmic" ibiryo bikikije abantu be bashishikaye, ndetse no kuba bariye imyugwa.
Amaze kumenya ibi, ubuyobozi bwatangaje. Ubwa mbere, ibiryo byasuye umwanya bigomba gukorwaho iperereza, icya kabiri, Tereshkova ubwe yamennye ibizamini byubuvuzi, haba umubare muto wibiryo bito "kwisi". "Nkiri muzima, nta mugore uri mu kirere hongera kuguruka!" - Kanda Korolev. Yoo, byabaye. Nta n'umwe mu bazwi batanu, barimo Tereshkov, ntibabyutse ku ruhande rw'iburasirazuba. Umugore wa kabiri-astronauut yagiye kuguruka hashize imyaka makumyabiri nyuma yamagambo y'ubuhanuzi yumwamikazi.
Miss Universe
"Numvise neza! Nari mwiza mu cyumba, kumwenyura ku isi yose. Amakadiri kuva igihe cyo kugwa n'aya magambo, yavuze yishimye kandi neza, yagurutse ku isi nka Tereshkova yabikoze. Kubijyanye nuko amashusho no gufata amajwi - gushiraho, kwiga nyuma yimyaka myinshi. Bafashwe umunsi nyuma yo kugwa, kuko umunsi wambere wa valentine wamaze mu bitaro: abaganga batinyaga ubuzima bwe.
Indege yazimiye cyane, ariko umukobwa woroheje mugisekuru. Yoo, ariko nyuma y'ibizamini byose "imiyoboro y'umuringa" yamennye inyoni. Abagenzi bacu Tereshkova hamwe n'abanyagihugu babonye uko byahinduye cosmos - cyangwa ahubwo, icyubahiro yazanye valentine. Indwara y'inyenyeri kuri we ntiyabonye umugore, ariko abamuzi mbere, yizewe ati: Iterabwoba rye, imyitwarire, ndetse no kugikora isura no mumaso.
Kandi muri 2013, Vladimir Putin yerekanye Valecekova Tereshkova gutumiza Alexander Nevsky
Ifoto: www.kremlin.ru.
Bavuze ko umubano wiwe na Andriyan Nichan Nichokes nta cyatuma habaho nta byiyumvo, ariko imibare ya cosmonauts abiri na Nikita Khrushchev ubwe. Umuhondo mwiza wa coqueters wisi yose yagombye kuba isoko yo guhumekwa nurugero rwo kwigana. Kandi mubyukuri, valentine mu buryo butunguranye kuri buri wese, harimo n'umuryango we, yashakanye na NikoLav nyuma y'amezi atandatu gusa nyuma y'ahantu ho kugendera kumwanya, kandi bidatinze yibaruka umwana wenyine, umukobwa wa Elena. Ubumwe bwabo bwamaze imyaka cumi n'umunani, mbere yuko Umukuru wa Mukobwa. Ati: "Mu kazi - zahabu, amazu - despot," bavuga gato impamvu zo gutandukana tereshkova. Noneho habaye ubufatanye na Jenerali, Julia Shapopokhikov. Hariho ibihuha bibaye kuri valentine yajugunye umuryango wa kera. Ubu bukwe bwatsinze cyane, ariko burangira indwara n'urupfu rw'uwo mwashakanye mu 1999. Uyu munsi, Tereshkova ifatwa numushakashatsi mukuru hagati ya Cosnation.
Inzira ye nuburyo bugororotse bwo kurota. Ibintu byose Inyanja izakora ikorwa. Umukobwa amaze kubona isi mu cyambu cyo mu kirere, yahisemo gusura muri Ositaraliya. Vuba aha, icyifuzo cye cyarakorwaga. Noneho Valentina, ufite imyaka mirongo inani, arateganya urugendo rwa kabiri rwubuzima. "Mars ni umubumbe nkunda. Ariko tuzi imipaka yumuntu ... Indege yambere izaba iguruka inzira imwe. Ariko niteguye. "