Galoshi - Nibyiza, iyi nkweto ni iyihe! Nta gusetsa ntuzabona, uburenganzira. Nibyo, ndetse n'amababa yeguriwe izikweto zisekeje ya reberi, ntabwo irangi cyane izina ryabo. Ati: "Nicaye mu Galosha" - Bavuga rero umuntu w'ibibajije, waguye mu bihe bibi. Muri make, Galoshi ni "intwari" gusa yukwezi kumwe guseka, Mata. Cyangwa ntabwo?
Data, kuki dukeneye ibifuniko bya rubber inkweto, ndetse nabanyeshuri biga mu ishuri. Nshuti Inkweto, inkweto nziza nanone birababaje kwambara no muri iki gihe, mugihe cyo kurya. Kandi iyi inkweto ninkweto - Byonyine? Kugenda muri ubu butunzi kumwanda n'amazi. Yoo, ariko isuku no gutumiza, inzira ya asfalt kubanyamaguru no gutemba mumazi yimvura yagaragaye kera, nkuko bigaragara natwe. Ndetse no mumijyi minini mugihe cyibihe bibi mumihanda, bidashoboka - kandi birumvikana ko mbere ya byose, inkweto zacu zarwaye. Kugaragara rero kw'ingagi rero byari biteganijwe ko bitavuga - birakenewe. Ariko kubyerekeye inkomoko, imyambarire yamateka yamaganaga nintonga kugeza ubu.
Inzira yigihe
Uburenganzira bwo kubaho bufite verisiyo ebyiri. Ukurikije ibyambere, dukwiye gushimira abasangwabutaka bo muri Amerika. Abahinde bakoreshejwe nk'inkweto "reberi, zikonje mu nzira. Umutobe wumutobe wumutobe ufite umwanda utwikiriwe nigisenge cyinzu kugirango ikirere kibi kitabangamiye ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Abanyaburayi bafunguwe na Amerika bashishikajwe cyane n'ibishoboka bya rubber yakuweho ndetse banashyiraho ibyoherezwa mu bikorwa by'urukwavu. Abakunzi ba verisiyo ya kabiri hamagara izina ryumuremyi wa rubber ifunda inkweto - bivugwa ko yari Umukinnyi wicyongereza Bwana RADLELELE, wabayeho mu museke wa Xyili. Uyu mugabo yari igitabo kizwi, maze havugwa imanza zidasanzwe zitwa Galicae zateraniye muri Umurimo Julius Sezari ku ntambara ya gaesari. "Galich" yambaraga udusimba twa kera, mu bukangurambaga butagira iherezo burinzwe no kwambara. Kubona Radley yahumetswe cyane muri 1803 yateshaga igitabo cyizuba - igifuniko cy'inkweto ziva mu ngingo ziteye isoni, zishushanyije mu mutobe w'igiti cya rubbe. Ibikoresho fatizo ntibyari birwanya: imbeho yaguye yoroshye, kandi ubushyuhe bunuka. Munsi yizuba, inkweto zatangiye kunuka iteye ishozi.
Abahanga mu by'amateka y'imyambarire bavuga ko batongana n'inkomoko y'inka
Ifoto: PilixAByay.com/ru.
Hagati mu kinyejana gishize, isi yamenye izina rya Charles Gukira - umuntu wavumbuye uburyo bwo gutungura reberi no gukora reberi. Umunyamerika w'inyongera ukize cyane, na Galoshi, utameze nabi cyangwa ubukonje, cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije, byamenyekanye cyane mu Burusiya. By the way, rubber ipfumba inkweto zishobora kwigurira abenegihugu bakize cyangwa abatware ba nyagasani batanga cyane. Nkuko kubara Kombarovsky yanditse, inkweto cyangwa inkweto za Kaloshi cyangwa inkweto, "umuhinzi yazuwe hejuru yurwego rwabaturage, bamuha ikimenyetso cya kamere yiroroshye." Umugani rero wa Galoshi nko mu nkweto ku bumenyi bw'ibihugu byahungabanye - izi nkoni y'imyambarire yambaraga abaturage bakize. Akenshi, Galoshi yashyizwemo nta kintu na kimwe - gusa kwerekana urwego rwubutunzi bwabo nuburyo bwo kumva.
URUKUNDO "
Urudodo rwarahenze kugeza igihembwe cya mbere cyikinyejana cya XX. Igitangaje, kubera ko uruganda rwa mbere rwo mu rugo rwagaragaye mu Bwami bw'Uburusiya mu 1859. "Ubufatanye bw'ibicuruzwa by'Uburusiya-Amerika y'Abanyamerika", cyangwa inkubitiro, ni ishema yitwa umusaruro. Uruganda rwa Galosh rwaranzwe nikimenyetso cya mpandeshatu. Mubantu rero batangira guhamagara reberi imyenda mishya - Galos avuye muri "mpandeshatu". Deltsi yamenye ko abaguzi ubwabo bazanye izina ryiza kuba "ubucuruzi" bushya. Mu 1908, uru ruganda rwamenyekanye ku mugaragaro nka "mpandeshatu". Nyuma yigihe gito, uwahoze ari tranrm yasohoye hit yigihembwe - ashyushye nabakaze imbeba azwi cyane atukura, yabaye ikimenyetso cyibisekuru byinshi nicyitegererezo kizwi cyane. Abavuga hit: "Inyabutatu" yatsindiye umutwe w'abashakanye benshi ku bicuruzwa bya Rubber maze aba utanga urugo rw'icyubahiro cye. Mu myaka itoroshye, uruganda rwa mbere rwisi rwafashe gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo kubinyabiziga. Vuba cyane, abaturage bumvise ko babuze abashakanye bakunda. Ibi bigaragarira mu "mutima w'imbwa" udapfa: Umwarimu wa Preobrazhensky, habuze ibishoboka byose kuva kera. Guhiga inkweto z'agaciro zahindutse bikomeye - kubicuruza byari bibujijwe, bityo inzira yo gusohoka yahindutse ku isoko ryirabura cyangwa guhitamo ubujura. Mu 1921, uruganda rwa mpandeganya rwasubukuye akazi, bidatinze umurwa mukuru "Bolshevik" ninjiye. Galoshi yongeye kwinjira mu buzima ubu abenegihugu b'Abasoviyeti. Biyeguriye imivugo na posita bashushanijwe (kuri Mayakovsky na Rodchevsky na Rodchenko bakoreye)). Kogosha ya nyuma mu kinyejana cya 20 Galoz yarokotse muri mirongo itandatu - noneho hatangijwe itangizwa ry'abashakanye badasanzwe. Ariko Vector ntiyari ihindutse - ikimenyetso cyigihe cyagiye mu bihe byashize.
Isura itunguranye kuri Isoko ryibimera yagarutse gukundwa inkweto za rubber
Ifoto: PilixAByay.com/ru.
Ntukure reberi!
Ariko isi ntiyari igiye gutanga neza, ariko Galoshi nkeya. Murakoze gukunda, uwakoze umutaliyani Elio Feruchchi yahimbaje izina rye. Arashushanya igifuniko cya rubber hamwe nicyapa kandi gitegura "inyenyeri nshya". Kuva icyo gihe, Elio yahujije izina ry'umwami Rubber. Ibirango by'icyamamare ntabwo byasigaye kuruhande - Rero, Flarior yakoze ubufatanye bwikirango cya Emporio Armani hamwe nuwabikoze koga. Bose hamwe batangije umurongo wa Galosh nziza, udaterwa isoni no kwambara hamwe nimyambarire ihanitse. Amakoko yacu yibutse kandi amateka yabo meza: Bosco di Ciliegi yashyizeho ifishi y'ikiyaga cyiza mu mujyi wa salle. "
Birumvikana ko ntamuntu wari witeze ko inkweto za rubber hamwe nimico idahwitse izarokoka icyaha cyo gukundwa. Ariko isura itunguranye kumasoko yingona yongeye gutangiza isi yimyambarire. Imyanya ndangani yoroheje igororotse inyuma kandi izuru ryuzuye ryabaye mu gihugu gusa mugihe nkora ku buriri, ahubwo no mu mijyi. Abategarugori ba kera ba kera bashize amanga bahujwe n'imyambaro n'amajipo, n'abagabo bambara amakositimu y'ubucuruzi.
Umunyasike wimyambarire ntabwo agishidikanya - ibintu byose bigaruka kuruziga. Biragaragara, uyumunsi inkweto za reberi zisekeje ntabwo ari ngombwa, nka mbere, ariko ukundwa nibishushanyo mbonera byinshi hamwe nabaguzi basanzwe. Nibyiza, kuki?