Pablo Neruda yigeze kwandika ati: "Umwana udakina, nta mwana." Ababyeyi benshi kandi benshi bazi amakosa yibisekuru, bitangwa umwanya muto kumukino. Abaganga b'abana ubu basabwaga cyane umukino nkigice cyingenzi cyiterambere ryubwonko. Ariko gukubita umupira mu gikari ntabwo aricyo kintu cyonyine gifatwa nkimikino. Hano hari ubwoko 6 bwimikino kubisabwa mumibereho yabanyamerika Mildred Parthen Newshall:
Umukino utazwi
Igice cyasobanuye nkimyaka yumwana ntabwo yagize mumikino. Umwana mu mwaka wa mbere w'ubuzima yimura umubiri we, icyarimwe ashimisha kandi yiga. Nuburyo bworoshye bwumukino: Umwana wawe arashobora gutekereza ku bwisanzure, kwimuka no gutekereza. Isi yose ni shyashya kuri we, niko utekereza kumikino hamwe numwana, ntugahangayikishwe nimitunganyirize yikintu runaka. N'ikintu gito kiratangaje niba atigeze abona imwe nkiyi mbere. Hitamo ikintu cyose hamwe nuburyo bwinshi namabara kandi wirinde urumuri rwinshi cyangwa urusaku rudasanzwe, kuko rushobora gutera ubwoba umwana wawe.
Uruhinja ruhagije hamwe nawe wenyine
Ifoto: Ibisobanuro.com.
Kwigira cyangwa umukino umwe
Iki nicyo gihe umwana wawe akina umwe, mubyukuri nta kwita kubyo abandi bana cyangwa abantu bakuru bakora. Mubyukuri, uyu mukino urashobora gukora kandi utuje, nkuko bisabwa nimiterere yumwana wawe. Kubyerekeye isabukuru yawe yambere, abana batangiye gukina bigenga. Iyi ni urwego rwingenzi rudasanzwe. Nkuko bizwi n'abantu benshi, ntuzashobora kugerwaho neza kubantu bashya, niba utimbye. Niba utangiye gushishikariza imyitwarire nkiyi, mubyukuri ibyo bizaboroshya ubuzima bwe, nubushobozi bwo kunyurwa na societe ye buzaba bubakorera ejo hazaza. Niba bahisemo umukino nkuyu, bakabona inkoni ku rugendo cyangwa bagaceceka gusoma igitabo, ibi nibikorwa byabo rwose.
Umukino w'indorerezi
Nigihe umwana wawe arimo kureba umukino wabandi bana, ariko ntabwo yikinisha. Byinshi muriyi mikino ntabwo bikora, ariko biracyafite akamaro. Ubushobozi bwo gukina nabandi bana ni ngombwa cyane kwiga kwigana kwishuri no hanze yacyo. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bw'umwana wawe mukwiga. Birumvikana ko ibi bitagarukira gusa kubandi bana - yishimira kureba abantu bakuru. Erekana umwana kukurusha gukora, ube ubuhinzi bw'imboga, ucuranga ibikoresho bya muzika cyangwa puzzle. Fata umwana muri parike yaho hanyuma urebe uko abana bakina muri sandbox, nubwo umwana adashaka kugusiga kugirango yifatanye nabo. Ubu ni umwanya wuzuye kubana bato kureba abandi no kubona bakina. Niba umwana wawe afite abavandimwe, ashishikariza abana kureba ingendo z'abasaza. Nubwo abana bari munsi yimyaka 3 ntibakunze kumva igitekerezo cyumukino uhuriweho, baracyatangira kwiga kumenya ibikundiro mumikino yumwana wawe mukuru nyuma.
Ku myaka 2-3 umwana ashaje aragenda arushaho kuba byinshi
Ifoto: Ibisobanuro.com.
Umukino uhwanye
Nubwo bashobora gukoresha ibikinisho bimwe, umwana wawe akina hafi, ntabwo ari kumwe nabandi bana. Wibuke kwiga gukina nukwiga gushyikirana nabandi. Ni muri urwo rwego, umukino uhwanye nicyiciro cya nyuma, aho umwana wawe ahujwe nundi. Byiza byerekana ibikinisho bishobora kugabanwa byoroshye, kuva muri iki gihe, abana bakunze kubaho kubera "iyi ni iyanjye, sibyo." Wibuke ko ibikinisho byiza ntabwo arivuka gusa, ahubwo no kugira isuku - azakomeza kuyikurura mu kanwa.
Umukino wo kwishyira hamwe
Hano umwana wawe akina nabandi bana, ariko abana ntibategura umukino wabo kugirango bagere kuntego imwe. Hafi yimyaka 3, abanzara bawe bazamwitaho kandi bazitondera imikoranire myiza nabandi bana, kuruta mbere hose. Noneho igihe cyiza cyo kongeramo ibikoresho byinshi byubuhanzi kumukino wumwana wawe. Mugihe cyimyaka 3, akenshi abana barushaho gukoresha ibikinisho bito, kandi barashobora kwizera umukino wigenga babifashijwemo nabashushanya.
Umukino uhuriweho
Hano urashobora kubona intangiriro yumukino uhuriweho nundi kubwintego imwe. Duhereye ku ntego zo gukina imikino, iyi niyo ngaruka yanyuma yiterambere, kuko ihame ryibanze rikora, waba ukora nk'umushinga w'ishuri, shyiramo imikorere cyangwa gukina siporo. Umwana ushobora kugira uruhare mu mukino uhuriweho azahangana n'amasomo n'imikoranire n'ishuri. Itumanaho rishyiraho urufatiro rwo gutsinda mu buzima. Iyi ni intambwe ishimishije bidasanzwe kuri buri muryango.