First of all, let's talk not about therapeutic diets that are associated with any diseases, but about the so-called fashion diets. By and large, they are all absolutely meaningless, because they are short: for the minimum period of time, people are trying to solve their overweight problems.
Where does this excess weight come from? For a long time - Throughout life - a person is wrong. Due to this, there is an incorrect food distribution: a person consumes calories much more than it can and has time to burn during the day. Sitting on the next fashion diet, we correct something correct something, we correct something, but when the diet ends, we again return to the former diet and excessive consumption of calories. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem with no short diets, but by the normalization of its nutrition and the balance of the balance in the daily number of calories consumed and burned.
What are the cons of these so-called fashion diets? All of them, one way or another, are accompanied by a pronounced restriction or exception from the diet of many products. What does this lead to? To the fact that the body misses a large amount of vitamins and minerals. Also during rapid hard diets we lose a large amount of water. Any hard restriction in nutrition Our body perceives as serious stress that threatens him actual death. Therefore, the adaptation mechanism is launched in the body. Adjusting to stress, the body slows down the metabolic processes. According to research, already in the first 2-3 weeks of a tough diet, the body slows down the metabolism of 30-40%. Accordingly, calories are burned significantly slower, and the effectiveness of fat burning is significantly reduced.
Why is the slowdown of metabolism? There is an indicator, the so-called basic exchange, which determines the minimum amount of calories required for the vital activity of the body. It is about 1,200 calories for women and 1500 calories for men, depending on body weight. When the number of calorie consumed is lowered below the main exchange indicator, the body will give a signal to the brain that there is a threat to life. Therefore, in order to self-preservation, it begins to slow down the metabolic processes in order to spend as little calorie as possible. And the flow rate slows down sharply.
How does the diet ends? Most often, the person returns to its usual nutrition, and the weight that was lost is quickly gaining again.
Studies in the United States have shown that approximately 98 people out of 100, who sat on a tough diet, scored their original weight after her end, and many have gained weight much more than the diet had before starting. By the way, this principle is successfully used in animal husbandry. Before letting the bulls to the slaughter, they keep them for a tough, almost hungry diet. And in a week or two before putting on meat, the bulls begin to actively refill. After that, they are sharply gaining in weight and become larger than the diet before starting.
One researchers applied this principle in working with rats: he alternated periods of a tight diet - for 2 weeks - with ordinary food. As a result of the experiment, the rat was added halfway.
What happens to the work of the brain during a tight diet? The brain is mainly powered by glucose. During the diet, the number of calories consumed, carbohydrates, and the brain misses nutrients sharply. According to psychological studies, the purpose of which was to check attention, memorization and reaction rate, in those subjects that were sitting on a rigid diet, the brain efficiency fell by 30-40%.
Why at the end of the diet there is a return to the initial weight or even excess of it? The fact is that for our appetite and the sense of saturation is replied by the hormone leptin, which is produced by a fatty tissue. And it works in this way: if we get enough nutrition, our fat layer is approximately in the standard state, then a sufficient amount of hormone is produced and the brain receives a saturation signal. If we actively burn fat, losing weight, then this hormone produces much less, and those who are sitting on a diet are experiencing a constant feeling of hunger. This is an incessant state that does not disappear even after meals. Therefore, it is useless to deal with physiology - the body will win anyway. And people, getting out of diets, start abundantly.
If we are talking about such a method like starvation, it is even tougher than diet. Therefore, all the processes that have been described earlier, as a result of starvation, are significantly aggravated.
Summing up this article, we can say that diet and starvation are not to lose weight, but in order to gain it.
So, the rule is the second: your daily caloric content should not be descended below 1500 calories.