Breast cancer Doctors call the main killer of women. Today, breast cancer is diagnosed with 465 thousand compatriots, according to the forecasts of physicians, in 2020 this figure will grow to 2 million.
According to the main mammologist of the Russian Federation, the Department of FSU "Russian Scientific Center for RosMedtechnology", Academician Ramna Hope Hornkaya, the continued increase in the incidence of RMW is primarily connected with the abundance of chronic stressful situations that the female body reacts especially sensible. The body simply does not have time to adapt to the hurry and the complex conditions of modern work. That is why the risk is sick of breast cancer much higher in the townskens than the country's residents leading a measured lifestyle. The highest mortality rate from RMG is fixed today in two Russian capitals - Moscow and St. Petersburg.
Among other risk factors, the development of RMW allocate age - the older woman, the greater the likelihood to diagnose it this disease. Although lately, all cancer is young, and breast cancer is no exception. There are often cases when it is detected even from 20-year-old girls.
In addition, not giving birth to women in the risk risk group; those that first gave birth to a child after 35 years; Women with early (up to 12 years) the beginning of menstruation; taking oral contraceptives up to 20 years; Ladies that were treated with hormonal drugs. Up to 30% of cases of RMW is detected in women with overweight. Hydodynamia, heredity of the maternal, improper nutrition, smoking, alcohol use is played in the development of the disease - it is believed that 10 grams of pure alcohol per day increases the risk of disease of the RMW.
However, as doctors say, in 80% of cases, the risk factors are managed - it is necessary to eat less fat, do not smoke, do not abuse alcohol, more move. And in time to be examined. After all, the sooner the RMH is diagnosed, the greater the chances of the patient to cure. For example, if breast cancer is found in the 1st stage, the probability of living for another 20 years is 92-98%.
But at the first stage, we identify such diseases still infrequently. The fact is that very long time the breast cancer does not make itself felt any symptoms, and often women accidentally find already formed tumors. And mammologists do not have anything except to send the patient to the operating table.
Doctors strongly recommend women from 35-40 years per year to visit experts, once a year to make mammography and hold self-impacts regularly. It is proved that if the woman conducts periodic self-examination, the frequency of metastases during RMG decreases by 35%. In 2004, in 2004, a female closerization program was introduced, providing for the mandatory X-ray mammology for women over 35 years old - as a result, today in the capital, the highest percentage of patients from the 1st and 2nd stage of RMW.
Nobody denies an important role of prevention and early diagnosis. For example, one and a half years ago, when there were no mass examinations of women with mammography, half of the patients died in the first five years after surgery. Today, diagnosis is developing with seven-world steps: there are mammographic complexes in hospitals, ultrasound packages. Recently, various methods of informous breast screening began to be used. They are ideal for young patients, because to carry out a mammography associated with X-ray irradiation, doctors do not recommend patients under 40 years old. For example, in some metropolitan clinics, screening, based on measuring the electrical conductivity of breast tissues - normal and altered tissues have different thermal conductivity, and sensitive devices make it possible to detect pathological changes when the tumor has not even been formed, by t. N. Preiodine stages. Doctors are convinced that in the country it is necessary to introduce a mass screening of the female population of 20-40 years. The chief oncologist of Russia Valery Numbers has already turned with such a proposal to the Ministry of Health.
Oncologists are confident that early detectability of RMW will make it possible to achieve a significant reduction in mortality from this disease. Especially since modern methods of treatment give a 95% chance of recovery to women who have RMW find in the early stages. For example, the revolutionary invention of recent years in the treatment of cancer - anti-angiogenic drugs, which are already registered in Russia and for the treatment of RMW. They help to save the lives of patients not only in the early, but often even in the later stages of the disease. The effect of this class of preparations is based on the fact that they block the development of blood vessels that feed the tumor. As a result, the tumor stops growing.
There are preparations that doctors are called the first swallows of personalized medicine (it is assumed that in the future the medicines will be selected taking into account the genotype of a particular patient). For example, a few years ago, women with a highly aggressive form of RMW, due to T. N. HER2-factor (found in every 3rd case!), Were doomed to ambulance death. The fact is that such a form of cancer in which the tumor grows and metastasizes very quickly, is not chemotherapy. However, innovative Herceptin medicine appeared, which helps with the "evil" forms of RMG. Patient organizations fought for a long time for the inclusion of this expensive drug to government programs giving the right to its free receipt. And finally, Herceptin was included in the ONLS program (providing the necessary drugs).
In recent years, success in the treatment of RMG has demonstrated the Chinese - they invented the method based on the heat treatment of the tumor: during the procedure, the patient does not even feel anything. The method is only about 5 years old, it shows very good results, but it has not yet reached Russia.
For women, which have already moved the operation, there also have a lot of useful things. So, the scars help to hide. Exoprostheses manufactured using nanotechnology - they allow you to level skin defects, improve its appearance. Special linen with micromolecules, which has a cooling effect and reduces the temperature on the site of the scar of 2 degrees.
- Today breast cancer is no longer a sentence, but a diagnosis with which it is possible to effectively deal with the method of informing citizens about the modern methods of cancer treatment, as well as the legal and psychological aspects of this terrible ailment, "says the executive director of the non-profit partnership" Equal right to life "Dmitry Borisov.