Hatirase sei kurasa bhasikoro
"Tili" inyaya yekare yatairasa. SHOKO RINOGONESESWA HAUSI KUTI UVHURE MUhupenyu Hwedu, Yakadzima Zvatingave Tinodada Nechokwadi. Kupfuura zvese, kwemazana emakore, pakanga paine rimwe izwi rakasiyana muRussia. "Sunga": ndiro yevhu rakapiswa rakaputirwa nemhando yekuyamura kana glazy glaze. Nekudaro, madzitateguru edu akasika masternet chaiko achishandisa mataira. Kwete munyika dzakawanda iwe unogona kuona kuvakwa, kwakasimba, uye dzimwe nguva kwakashongedzwa nemutauro wekuisa mutauro.
Huswa Moorova ye "ant" tie
Kugadzirwa kweCeramic Zvinhu Zvekushongedza Mazita ezvivakwa nemakereke, zvitofu (uyezve zvinodzima moto) waionekwa seimwe yeanosiyanisa maruva emhizha. Yapfuura matanho matatu. Pakutanga, vaumbi vakachinjika kuti vaite kuti vanonzi matsvuku matsvuku - ceramic mahwendefa ane embossed mapatani. Vakaitwa vachishandisa maumbirwo akavezwa kubva kune huni, iyo yakarongedzwa yakasimba ine misa yevhu. (Vakadaro maCereracs mumakore epakati vakava kutsiva kwakakodzera kune vavaki vane mari yekutsiva chombo zvakanyanya pane ibwe.) Gare gare, rudzi rwakasiyana rwakaonekwa - rakadzorerwa "dzidziso ye" inoshanduka ". Chinyorwa che "girazi" yakaiswa kune yavo yekunze, iyo yakapa girini glossy inovhara mushure mekupfura, nekuda kweiyo zita ravakawana (rangarira chirevo cheEpril yeRussia "Grav-Muraba"). Asi "epoch yeiyo humambo hwakasvibirira" rakazove rakapfupika.
Yatove pakutanga kwezana reXVIE. Masters yeRussia yakadzidza kugadzirwa kwemilticolor (inonzi inoshanda) matiles. Iyo tekinoroji yekugadzira yavo yakapararira kubva kwatiri tishandire kuenda kuimba yegungwa yeIverny yeVersky paValdai nikonou. Akakokwa kunoshongedza zvivakwa zveBerlussian moncars akatizira kuRus kubva kuLithuanians. Hama dzeSlav vaiziva kubheka ", iro rekupfura", iro mushure mekupfura rinopa enamel yechena, yebhuruu, yegirini-turquoise maruva, kubva kwavari kugona kwevadzidzi veRussia.
Kubva pakati pemasokisi edu, iyo tenzi Stepan "paNickame Hambi" yakakodzera mukurumbira. Zvinotendwa kuti ndiye akazova Musiki wemhando yepakutanga yematombo ekare, ayo akagamuchira zita racho rinoti: "Pavlinje Oko" (Multicolor maitiro pane aya mahwendefa akafanana nehombodo imwe neimwe mukati muswe wepecock).
Monastery - Runako Mutengi
MuMoscow, kekutanga, ceramics yakashongedzwa yakashongedza temberi yeUtatu muNicnics, iyo yakavakwa kubva muna 1635. Uye kubvumidzwa kwegumi nematanhatu, kugadzirwa kukuru kwezvinhu gumi nematanhatu mukugadzirisa kweguta . Maleti eleverces muzvivakwa zveimba capital akachengetedzwa zvakanyanya Yakanyanya kusarudzika, isina analogues ndiyo inonzi yakanamwiswa knitty temok.
Pakupera kweiyo Xvii century. Pamabhangi eRwizi rweMoscow, pedyo neanotyisa monastery, iyo yakaoma yemachechi nemakamuri evaKristotsky mabhishopi akaiswa. Zvinenge zvese zvivakwa zvinoshandiswa pano sezvinhu zvekushongedza, zvidhinha zvisungo, asi chimwe chezvivakwa zvichiratidzika mumutsara uyu. Iyo Architect Osip yevakuru yakavakwa pamusoro pemukova wetemberi yeTeremok, iyo yepamusoro-pasi, inosanganisira manyorerwo, zvimedu, zvakapetwa, - yakafukidzwa nemakapeti akasimba ematiles! Hapana chakafanana nesu, kana mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope haungasangane.
Kuwedzera kune yekutanga, maguta mazhinji eRussia anogona kunzi zvivakwa zvinonakidza, Yaroslavl, Riyoslavl, Ryazan, Grivya, SolvychyDoT Cathed pedyo neMoscow. Dyara uye geometric chishongo, mifananidzo yematanhatu-mraba Seriphimov (kusikwa kwezvose izvi zvekushongedza kwakapfuma kwakatoita muThe Stepan ASPRESS). Kuwanda kweCeramics muTemberi yokumuka, bhero remabherita, iyo Skita yeTatel, The Skita yeTatriarch Nikon Yakatarwa Kubva kuZita iri Matayi anokosha, izvo zvakaramba zvichiitika makore uye makore mazhinji gare gare, kuva Kukudzwa kwenyika yose.
Chemistry-Alchemy
Shanda pane zvakasikwa mataira ane mavara anoda kuziva zvakawanda zvakavanzika zvehunyanzvi. Kunyangwe kubva padanho rekuona kwemakemikari, kujekesa kwakanyatsojeka: Kuumbwa kunobva pane cobalt oxide kunopa, semuenzaniso, kana uchichema mubhuruu enamel "inotungamira" muzvirimwa ... . Imwe neimwe miniti yekupfura, imwe neimwe yakawedzera shanduko inogona kuchinja zvakanyanya mumvuri wemavara pane chiitiko. Uye iyo Source zvinyorwa ndiwo mabwe manyorero-zvinangwa, ayo artisan vekare akawanikwa mumabhangi enzizi, uye wozopwanya-peat muupfu - uye chakavanzika chakasimba. Matombo anosarudza izvo zviratidzo?
Kufungisisa kwenzvimbo kwemaminerari kwakakosha kwazvo - iro ivhu rimwe chete, kubva ipapo matepi akaumbwa. Semuenzaniso, kuumbwa kwayo kwemakemikari muCentral Asia nyika dzakasiyana chaizvo neiyo "Glinka", iyo yakashandiswa nevatenzi kubva mundima yeEurope yeRussia. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvakazoitika: Kana ukasatora mamwe matani, pane "mahwendefa eAsia", achipa ruvara rwebhuruu uye ruvara rwebhuruu, uye vhudzi redu racho rakafanorongerwa kushanda neyegirini green .
Russian Stove, Tie
MuRussia, kwemazana emakore, mune imwe fashoni yekushandiswa kweiyo legant cramic mahwendefa ekupedza nzvimbo.
Kufunga nezvechichengetedzwa chimney tiles yeiyo Xvii century, iwe unogona kuona maitiro akasiyana - mifananidzo yehondo, maGrithies akasvinuka, Peter kutanga, akawana nguva uye yekuongorora iyo "Bhizinesi Bhizinesi ". Atove mitezo yatove muRussia muRussia, maMetoloredhi muRusoliki naye, uyezve Changamire Ari kufadza. Kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, pane chimney yemubatanidzwa "- ine kumeso kweEurope nyaya pendi, yakagadzirwa mune yakasarudzika ruvara rwechiratidzo. Kuti ugadzire kuburitswa kwezvigadzirwa zvakadai, mambo akatorawo kuti abatanidze kune nyaya mbiri dzakabatwa panguva yemushandirapamwe wemauto. Nekudaro, zvakazoitika kuve zvishoma kubva kune aya Scandinavia. Isu taifanira kutumira vanoverengeka vevatano vedu vekugona kugona kuti vadzidze kuenda kuHolland.
Mataira akashongedza girazi remafuta emifananidzo mune dzimba dzeRussia dzeiyo Xvii - kutanga kweXix mazana emakore Square uye rectangular cramic mahwendefa kazhinji akafukidzwa nechena icing, uye mufananidzo we "huswa hwemarudzi akasiyana uye emhuka dzemunhu, hunoratidzwa mubhuruu. Izvo hazvisi pano! Fantastic mavara: Unicorn, Shiri Sirin, ine mapapiro bhiza pegasus; Mhuka, aripo chaizvo: Crane, fani, nzou-exotic nzou neshumba; Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kusangana nemamiriro ekunze mifananidzo: ngarava pagungwa, zvivakwa, makomo ...
Kugadzirwa kwaive pane "turs" uye "vanhu". Pamasikati emitambo, maartist vakanyatso bvarura, manhamba, ruzivo rwezvipfeko nezvombo. Mahwendefa mazhinji ane mufananidzo wezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana kubva muhupenyu, dzimwe nguva uine anosekesa, anecdotal zvinyorwa. Pano, semuenzaniso, siginecha pasi pekudhirowa kwemunhu ane rwiyo hove: "Vaska, Tashchi soma! "Saka haandisimise!". Kwakave nekudiwa kukuru kwemaseti ekupendwa kweripi zvakatsaurwa kune vanhu mhiri kwemavhiri. Pane imwe neimwe "jecha" clactangle, pasi pemufananidzo wemunhu, tenzi akanyorwa kuti: "Cailier gispansky", "Aponsian Ms", "Mutengesi weChinese" ...