Cheshanu chaZvita 1901, iyo huru yenhau yakaonekwa munyika - Walt Disney. Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Mermaid, Snow White, Cinderella - Magamba eStudio yake akareba ngano. Asi hazviratidzikei zvinoshamisa kuti katuni vaifarira murume mukuru? Uye zvakawanda zvekuti akazvitsaurira upenyu hwake hwese? Ngatione kuti munhu ane mweya wemwana akazobudirira sei mutengesi uye akachinja nyika yemifananidzo.
Hupenyu nekuraira kwakapokana nechidiki walt Disney. Mhuri yake yaive murombo uye kazhinji yaifamba. Walt akaberekerwa mune rimwe remaguta makuru eUSA - Chicago, kunyangwe aigara ikoko kwenguva yakareba, makore mashanu chete. Akazotamira kuPurazi diki muMissouri nehama, uye nguva yakati gare gare vakatamira kuKansas. Vavakidzani vazhinji vaiziva uye vaida Walt - akasiyaniswa nehasha. Mumwe wavo, akwegura veteran Dr. Sherwood, akatobhadhara mukomana wemakumi maviri neshanu ekupenda bhiza rake pabepa rakagoverwa. Gare gare, Disney akatenda kuti yaive mufananidzo wakabudirira weiyo mare yaDr. Sherwood uye yakamusundidzira pakufunga kwekuve muimbi.
Gamba redu kubvira paudiki hwairatidza kufarira kudhirowa, uye mikana yake yekutanga yakatanga kutengesa mumakore manomwe. Gare gare ndakapenda bepanhau rechikoro, uye manheru ndakashanyira zita rehunyanzvi hwakanaka. Ipapo akapfuura kosi yepepanhau emapepanhau, kwavakadzidzisa zvisiri pamutemo kufunga, kutyisidzira kutyisidzira kwezvinhu zvakajairika uye nenzira yeLacacial. Disney aidiwa kudzokorora kuti humhandara ndiyo nguva yakanaka kwazvo muhupenyu. Aive hupenyu hwake Credo, aida kuti vanhu vanzwe izvi zvinoshamisa manzwiro kazhinji kazhinji sezvazvinogona. Uye chii chingave chingave mashiripiti emakotoni?
Iyo prototype yeiyo yakakurumbira mermaid yakava iyo Actress Alissa milano
Chimiro kubva kuCartoon "mermaid"
Asi nzira inoenda kune yehupenyu yaive minzwa uye yatanga zvachose kubva pakudhirowa. Mumakore mapfumbamwe, Walt anga atowana hupenyu hwake. Ndakamuka kuma shanu mangwanani kuti pamwechete nemukoma mukoma mukoma kuendesa tsamba, uyezve vakarwa nekukurumidza kuchikoro. Ainge asvika makore gumi nemashanu, akafunga kuenda kujelly. Chakanga chiri chinhu ichi icho Baba vake vakatanga kuita, aivewo muurombo kwenguva yakareba. Walt achinja nemufaro basa iri, asi aida kusika chimwe chinhu zvimwe. Uye madhirowa akange asiri zvachose humbowo hwehomwe. Akasarudza kusarudza kuve hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi. Kunzwa baba vaDisney vakangoita kunge vanopenga - zvinoita here kuita mari pane chingwa, vachikwevera marudzi ese emifananidzo! Asi Walt haana chirevo chakadaro chisingafungi zvachose, akazvishongedza chinangwa uye asvike! Muna 1920 akapedza chikoro cheArt. Chokwadi, rudo rwemusha wake rwakakanganiswa zvishoma kubva pachinangwa chikuru.
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika I, Disney ane makore gumi nematanhatu anoda kushandira muchiuto. Asi vadiki vevanozvipira havana kupfuudza zera, saka akapihwa chete chigaro chekaraira mumuchinjiko mutsvuku. Disney akabvuma, ndokutumira kuFrance. Ehe, hazvina kukwana: Panguva imwe cheteyo nyika yakagumiswa pakati pekusvika kwemutyairi pakati pemapato anorwadzisa, uye akabva abhururuka kumba.
Mushure mekudzokera kuhupenyu hwakajairwa nedisney yakabva yabikwa kusvika pakugadzira. Pakutanga akaenda kubasa mupepanhau, asi ipapo aikurumidza kuneta - panzvimbo yemazwi, ruoko rwake rwakamhanyisa chimwe chinhu chinodhonza chimwe chinhu. Naizvozvo, imwe sarudzo yakabudirira yaive basa neredhiyo ku studio kinoreclam. Vanoshambadzira vafambisi vazova zvisikwa zvekutanga zveDisney. Sketches pfupi yaive yakabudirira chaizvo, uye walt chaicho chainyatsodanana nemhando idzva yezviratidziro zvake. Akadhonzwa zuva refu, achiedza kune akasiyana maitiro.
Mouse Mickey Mouse yakakonzera kukakavara kwaDisney nemumwe wako Airom Aiverskom - Izvi hazvina kufanana nezita reiyo nyeredzi chimiro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, AB akabuda mu studio
Chimiro kubva kuCartoon "Mickey Mouse uye Kangaroo"
Kuburikidza neminzwa kune oscars
Pfungwa dzakange dzimedzwa kwazvo muMusoro waDisney, uye mapurojekisheni ekushambadzira akajeka. Kuona makatuni ex max folisher nezve bunty bump uye mufambisi wechikepe, aive achifarira zvakanyanya mulimation. Ipapo walt Disney akasarudza kuenda kuHollywood. Asi zvakange zvakakodzera kuti urege kusvika ikoko, pakarepo akamhanyira kumatambudziko mazhinji - zvachose pakanga pasina nzvimbo dzekutanga kweCinematographrah, uye vane mhondi havana kudikanwa zvachose. Asi walt angangoburitsa zvakanyanya, akatanga kufamba pamasangano ekutsvaga basa. Uye nemukana wakakwana wakasangana nemushandi akazvimiririra uyo aiita mafirimu anofamba. Walt akamurudzira kuti asimudzire pendi rake rakararama, uye purofiti dzinozvitorera ivo pachavo.
Akasarudza kushandisa nzira yakanaka inonakidza - yakaunza gamba chairo munyika ine vanhu. Chekutanga pane zvese, zvaive zvakafanira kusarudza zano racho. Walt kubvira achiri mudiki achida "Alice muWonderland", saka ndakaneta musikana ane chimiro chakakodzera pane basa racho ndokutanga basa. Pakutanga akaipfura chaiko, uye ndokuenda kugarage yake, mairairo aive akamira mufirimu, akashanda mufirimu. Akaita chimwe chinhu chakapendwa, chakabatanidzwa nechinzwi, akaisa mufananidzo iwo. Pakutanga, "Alice" akasangana ne bang, asi mushure mechinguva akatanga kusvika kune vateereri.
Katuni nezve fani Winnie Pooh animanator akagadzira anopfuura makore makumi matatu
Chimiro kubva kuCartoon "Adventures Winnie Poo"
Ipapo Walt akafunga kugadzira hunhu hutsva. Animator AB AVESEX, shamwari yepedyo shamwari, yakauya negumbo remota. Chokwadi, munguva pfupi, hunhu hwacho hwakachinja zita racho kune iro rakawanda rinowedzera uye rinozivikanwa - mickey mbeva. Kekutanga paakaratidzika mumativi "anopenga ndege". Asi vashoma vanhu vanoziva kuti kana zvisiri zvemukadzi weanorima, mickey mbeva ingadai yakaramba iri mormer. Yakanga iri Disney Disney iyo yakagutsa murume wake kuti zita raMickey yezita rakakodzera kwazvo. Gare gare, mutambi akazova anopikisa Mickey Mausce muhondo yeKudikanwa Kwake - Minnie. Nenzira, Walt aisangova anomiririra, director neanogadzira, akazviratidzawo ari kuzwi kuita. Sezvo kusikwa kweMickey uye kusvika 1947, inzwi renyeredzi yerudzi rwevanzeya ndeya disney pachayo. Asi kupopotheni kwakabuda. Hunhu hutsva hwehunhu hwaifanira kunge husina kuita izvi, asi walt akasimbirira paari. Mune ramangwana, kukakavara kwavo kwakakudzwa, uye muna 1930 Ab akasiiwa naDisney uye akavhura Studio yake.
Asi isu hatizove nezvekusuwa ... Kubudirira zvishoma nezvishoma kwadarika Disney. Nenguva isipi yekutanga Oscar yakasvika. Muna 1932, katuni pamusoro peiyo mbeva yakakurumbira yakapihwa mubairo wekunakirwa, uye kwaingova kutanga kwenzira yenyeredzi. Mubairo mukuru weAmerican Firimu Academy akanunurwa kumudyiridzo kakawanda kunge makumi maviri neshanu, uye akatora chikamu mumashoko makumi mashanu nenhanhatu! Mukuwedzera, akapiwa mubairo mitatu yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kwaari. Chekutanga ndechekuti chisikwa chemickey maus, chechipiri - chemumhanzi mupiro kune mafirimu ehupenyu, wechitatu ndewekatuni "echando chena uye vanomwe vanyoro". Unganidzo yemijivhizheni zvakare shanu "nzira dzegoridhe", mbiri dzeBafta awards uye mibairo miviri yehunhu firimu festival. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwese hwekukunda kwesinematic of Walt Disney ndiyo imwe yeiyo yechokwadi yezana.
Mu "chando chando" chinowanzeresa zvakaitwa nekugamuchira kutsva: Akadzidzisa mavara kuimba nekutamba
Chimiro kubva kuCartoon "chando chando"
Nenzira, iyo yakakosha chileching muupenyu hwaDisney yakabatana neChando chose. Muna 1937, akafunga kufunga rakakura-rakakura uye akasika kwete chete katuni, asi mufananidzo wakakwana-murefu wekunzwa. Iye akagara anenge awa nehafu. Uye zvakare, mavara ari mukatuni iyi akatanga kuimba uye akatamba, izvo zvakafadzwa nevateereri. Disney zvakare aida zvakare kuwedzera mashiripiti uye achiri mudiki. Asi pfungwa yekugadzira iyo yakazara-murefu cartoon vashandi vashandi havana kufarirwa pakutanga. Kufunga kuti chef ichazotora urefu hwakazara, ivo vakataura kuti zano racho raizokundikana uye kunyange vakamuseka pakavanda. Pfungwa inogona kuve yakatemwa pamudzi, nekuti Disney yapera mari. Iyo muganho wemari yekugadzira yakapera simba, uye Walt akafunga kuratidza vakweretesa vhezheni yefirimu. Mushure mekutarisa, vakafara uye vakabvuma kugovera mari yekuwedzera kuti vapedze basa racho. Uye sezvazvakaitika, kwete pasina.
Asi imwe yedzidziso yake yaaingova isingatsungirire uye yaimbove yaimboedza kumubvisa kakawanda. Aya ndiwo maitiro anoitika, PESK Guffy! Hazvizivikanwe zvaasina kufadza Musiki wake, asi zvinozivikanwa kuti akaponesa dambudziko rake rehupfumi panguva yacho muUS. Disney aisada kurasikirwa nekuwanza uye kuvapa basa rekugara, rinobvumira guffy uye ramba uchirarama mufirimu.
Nhau Dzinosetsa
Zviri pachena kuti walt haana kuuya aine mavara ake emagetsi. Vazhinji vevarimi vakashanda ku studio, iyo yakadhonzwa kurudziro muhuwandu hwakakurumbira panguva iyoyo. Semuenzaniso, iyo diki mermaid Ariel yakakweverwa kubva kuhunhu hweAlissa ane makore gumi nerimwe, nepo "imba yemuridzi mumba" yakapfurwa pamateedzero. Kuwedzera kune chitarisiko chakafanana uye hunhu bang, mudiki mermaid akatora zvimwe zvinhu uye maitiro aHeroin Milano. Uye mhedzisiro yazvinokwira mubvudzi remvura yakatorwa kubva pamifananidzo yevakadzi veAmerica - Astronaut Sally Ryde mushonga urema.
Paive nemimwe mienzaniso kubva kumapurazi. Semuenzaniso, iyo Gavs hama dzinobva ku "Nhau dzeDuck" dzakange dzakanyorwa neBarker-Karpis Gang Gangster Group iro raive riripo mumakumi matatu, akananga naMama Barker. Kune akawanda ekupamba emabhangi, umhondi uye aburitsa pane yavo account.
Iyo heroine ye "moyo inotonhora" - imwe yemazuva ekupedzisira studio inoshanda
Chimiro kubva pamoyo wekatuni "unotonhora"
Asi kwete nguva dzose walt zvakare, muna 1946 akasarudza kujekesa kujekeswa uye akasunungura cartoon "yekuenda kumwedzi nhoroondo". Mukufunga kwake, muchimiro chekatuni, nyaya dzakakomba dzichava dzakajeka kwazvo kuchizvarwa chechidiki. Panguva dzekuita mararamiro ane hutano, katuni yakatarisa inopfuura mazana emamiriyoni zana eAmerica vechikoro. Izvo zvisati zvaitika zvirimo, zvobva zvateverwa neiyo gynecologist masas hon. Akasimbirira kuti kusimbiswa kwekatuni kwakaitwa pane zvakasikwa zvezviitiko zvinoitika. Zvinotendwa kuti iyi limation roller ndiyo yekutanga kuratidzwa kune yakajairika paruzhinji nefirimu rine izwi rekuti "Vagina".
Nenzira, ndangariro dzebasa riri muhondo hazvina kupfuura Disney pasina. Mubasa rake rese, akabatsira masangano mazhinji emubatanidzwa, pendi dzedzidzo yedzidzo yeUS, mafirimu ekuparidzira anofonera maAmerican kuti abhadhare mitero, uye zvakare akabvisawo anti-hitler rollers. Disney akatotora chikamu mukupfura nhevedzano yezvinyorwa zveNASA uye nevamwe vaanoshanda navo, vakaronga anti-communisiti-communist kufamba kwemubatanidzwa, ayo anotsigira kuchengetedza kwezvibodzwa zveAmerica. Hongu, Walt aive anti yakagutsa anti-nharaunda uye haana kumhanyirwa kunyora kutuka kune vamwe vake muHollywood. Zvichida vaizvifungidzira chaizvo, asi pamwe, vakangobviswa vakwikwidzi.
Zvega Zvega Zvemunhu
Pasinei nekuzivikanwa kwevanyori vavo, Disney pachayo anoramba achivanzika. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti hupenyu hwake hwese hwaipedzera makatuni uye ye studio yake. Kunyangwe mukadzi wake wenguva yemberi akabatana zvakananga. Mukuru waWalt aive musikana anonzi Lili Marie Zvisungo. Akapfigira, akaonda mukoma akashanda semunyori kuS studio uye muna 1924 yaive pakati pevakakokwa kumuchato wehama Walt. Ikoko akasangana neye akakurumbira animanator. Walt naLiliya vakasangana kweanenge gore uye vakaroora muna 1925 muchechi diki muIdaho. Kuatari, mwenga akatungamira sekuru vake, sezvo baba vaLilian vairwara panguva iyoyo. Vabereki veWalt vakatadza kuuya kumuchato zvachose. Vakaroora chaizvo vaida kuve nevana, asi Lilian haina kukwanisa kuva nepamuviri kwenguva yakareba. Mushure memakore masere ekurapa, kuedza kwakawanda kwakazopedzisira kwakashongedzwa nebudiriro, asi nhumbu yekutanga, zvakashata, zvakapera pakubata zvisina kunaka. Asi yechipiri yakabudirira: Mwanasikana waDiana Marie akaonekwa muDisney mhuri (iye zvino mukova ane mbiri, muvambi wemumuseum anonzi baba vake), uye ipapo Sharoni.
Mufirimu "Sevha Mr. Banks" awanda akatamba Tom Hanks. Mufananidzo wacho wakasarudzwa weOscar uye Goridhe Globe
Chimiro kubva mufirimu "Chengetedza Mr. Banks"
Pasinei nekuita kwakakura kwebasa kubasa, nguva yake yese yakasununguka walt yakazvipira kumhuri. Rimwe zuva, achifamba nevanasikana, akafunga kuti zvingave zvakanaka kugadzira nzvimbo iyo vana vaizofarirwa nevana. Saka "Disneyland" yakaonekwa, iyo yakava mudzidzisi wezvevaraidzo chaiwo. Iye zvino mapaki akadaro haana kuvhurika muUnited States chete, asiwo muFrance, Japan, Spain uye dzimwe nyika. Nenzira, nekuwanikwa kweDisneyland, vashandi vake vakarambidzwa kutakura ndebvu. "Hapana bvudzi refu, ndebvu uye ndebvu! Hatigone kubvumira mumwe munhu kutengesa chirongo chekonzo yeiyo hippie isina kutumwa hippie! " - Dzokorora kudzokorora Walt Disney pachake. Kurambidzwa kwakasimba zvekuti muna2000 kwakaongororwa kekutanga, kubvumira vashandi vepaki kupfeka zvakanaka madiki madiki madiki.
Mushure mekuvhurwa kwekutanga "Disneyland" Walt, iyo Ski Resort yakadzorerwa kuvaka Ski Resort pedyo neCentralia Park "Sequoia" muCalifornia. Akatotambira mvumo kubva kuLassnikov uye akabvuma negavhuna nezvekuvakwa kwenzira itsva. Kunyange zvakadaro, basa raiiswa. Uye mushure mekufa kweDisney, maneja matsva ekambani akasarudza kuti aigona kungokwanisa chete basa guru chete, uye zvakasarudzika, zvakasikwa, Disneyland, iyo yakanga yatounza mitezo yakawanda.
Magumo.
Walt Disney akafa nekenza yechiedza chegumi nemashanu Zvita 1966. Akapindwa muropa nokuputa kunyange panguva yebasa rake pfupi muuto. Bhirionaiiriya akaramba achiedza kurega, akaedza nzira dzakasiyana siyana, akaenda kuna vanachiremba uye vepfungwa, asi mukupedzisira nguva dzose kunopihwa. Nenzira, mushure mekufa kwemuvambi, semhedzisiro yekusarudza kusingaenzaniswi, studio yakasiya chifananidzo chemufodya mumakotamba avo.
Pane chokwadi chimwe chete chekudaira: nguva pfupi yekufa isati yafa yeDisney yakatsemuka mazwi maviri pane imwe bepa rakabvaruka - kurt Russell. Kwaari Russell, zvichiramba chakavanzika. Panguva yekufa kweRufukunira Animate Kurt aive mwana, uye kunyangwe aive atove mutambi, asati asvika. Chii chakaitwa naWalt?
Mukuwedzera, mushure mekufa kwegamba redu, runyerekupe rwaive rwakanga rwuri kufamba mumapepanhau, zvinonzi genius yekatuni yakaomeswa nechando. Nekudaro, ichi hachisi chokwadi. Kutaura zvazviri, muviri waDisney wakadzika, uye yekutanga munhoroondo Clyogenic chando murume akaitika chete mwedzi chete mushure mekufa kwake. Kunyangwe kana aine pfungwa dzakadaro, akange asina nguva zvishoma zvishoma.
Nekudaro, hunyanzvi hwekuwedzera hwakasikwa navo, uye Walt Disney pachayo acharamba zvachose munhoroondo, nekuti chete ndatenda kwaari zvakanyatsochinja kutarisa kutaridzika kwakaita cartoon yazvino.