Ukugqamisa ngaphansi kwesiphambano esibomvu
UMaximilian Wilhelmine Augustus Sofia Maria Hesssekaya - Empress Maria Alexandrovna, Wifekeikazi Alexander II
Ukuqala kwakhe "i-Russian Biography" kwajabulisa ngempela. UHayLleenberg, owasuka enqabeni encane, inkosazana ngokushesha yawela ekunethezeka okukhazimulayo kwegceke lombuso. Ekutholweni okusemthethweni kokuqala, kwakugqokwa "ngodaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lonke isiliva elifezekile, nesiliva esimhlophe esimhlophe, ngaphambi kokuba kufezeke ngesiliva, futhi esikhundleni sezinkinobho, amadayimane aphathwa ngamarubi."
"Ugcinile lokhu kubukeka kwalokhu kusencane impilo yakhe yonke, ukuze eminyakeni engama-40 kungamukelwa ngowesifazane oneminyaka engamashumi amathathu ubudala. Naphezu kokukhula okuphezulu nobunye, wayenciphile futhi entekenteke, engazange akhiqize ubuhle ekuqaleni kokubuka; Kepha bekuyinhle kakhulu - lomusa okhetheke kakhulu, ongatholakala emibhalweni yakudala yaseJalimane, eMadonna Albrecht Dürer, exhumanisa amafomu athile ngomusa, "kubhale uFrewillin Anna Tyutchev.
Imbongi-Prince P. A. Vyazemskk eyaziwayo emphakathini ophakeme ozinikele ezinkondlo zakhe eziningana, kwenye yazo, yabhalwa ekwindla yango-1865, kunemigqa enjalo:
"Ama-Lets ngeke angibize izihlobo zaseRussia.
Cha, okujabulisa okuphindwe kabili ngilalela ngokweqiniso:
Kanitsa Russian How russia engiziqhenyayo
Futhi ngithanda umfazi omuhle njengembongi. "
Abantu besikhathi besikhathi besikhathisolo sokuthi uMbusi wayegqoke kahle nenhle kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye, esevele esekhulile, okhethwayo ophupha ngombala omnyama.
I-Nelligent dress Mary Alexandrovna. Isithombe: Alexander Dobrvolsky.
Ukunakwa okukhulu kombusi, kanye nabamele "abalula" bokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu, izicathulo ezikhokhelwayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngaleso sikhathi, izicathulo zazingelona iqiniso "ikhadi lebhizinisi" eliyinhloko lamantombazane. "Owesifazane omuhle kakhulu kungenzeka athole unyawo olubiyelwe kahle, kunokuba agqoke ingubo ecebile," kubhala umagazini ". Umagazini wabantu bezwe "ngo-1852 - ekhaya, kusukela ezingubeni ze-fuil kanye ne-asterian cap, amasheya amancanyana ane-firmware, nezicathulo, ancishiswe ngentambo emnyama. Ngezingubo ze-tafta, kunezicathulo ezinhle, nakwizicathulo zakusihlwa zeSatin ezineminsalo kanye namasheya amancanyana, abushelelezi noma avulekele. Ku-Balas, kwesinye isikhathi izicathulo ezimhlophe ze-satin ziyabonakala, futhi zinombala onemibala onemibala, kepha emnyama kungcono kakhulu, ngoba zingagqokwa ngazo zonke izingubo. " Iminyaka eminingi, izicathulo zobukhosi bakhe ziqhamuke enkampanini "Okler", okuyi-1869 zanikeza umhlinzeki ohlonishwayo womhlinzeki wegceke eliphakeme kakhulu.
(Ngaphezu kwezicathulo "ezinegama", yonke intokazi eyazihloniphayo yayidingeka, - Uma eqoqele endaweni ethile ukuyophuma endlini, - enye into yangasese ebaluleke kakhulu: isambulela esincane sokugoqa, esibizwa ngokuthi yi- "marquis". "Izambulela manje zincane , ngesandla sokugoqa, amafreyimu we-fetustal azungeze imiphetho futhi ngeminsalo emikhulu evela kuma-ribbons avela phezulu, lapho umfelombu luba khona lapho isambulela sinesandla sokugoqa - akunakugwenywa ... Izambulela ezinhle kakhulu zimbozwe ngentambo eyengeziwe - emnyama noma emhlophe, futhi ama-ruffles enziwe ngentambo efanayo. "(" imfashini. Umagazini wabantu bezwe "1856)
UMaria Alexandrovna. Photo: Arlof Archive.
Ngenxa yobulungiswa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi eminyakeni eyalandela, umlingani we-Tsar-Liberator "wahlukaniswa yinyathi ngokweqile nangomnotho owedlulele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Emperor Fines enkulu esetshenziswe ekuphathweni, izindawo zokukhosela eziningi, kwasungulwa izindlu zezivakashi. KwakunguMaria Alexandrovna ovule owokuqala eRussia uMnyango weRed Cross, ukwandisa imisebenzi yanoma yileso sikhathi ngesikhathi sempi yaseRussia - yaseTurkey yango-1877-1878 g. Wachitha isamba esikhulu kakhulu. Ngokunikeza yonke imali ukuze kusizakale abantu abalimele, abagulayo, amasosha nezintandane, ubukhulu bakhe buyenqaba ukuthunga izingubo ezintsha ngalesi sikhathi. Futhi njengesipho, ophumelele ebuyela enhlokodolobha ngemuva kokuphela kwempi ephumelelayo neTurkey, iNdlovukazi yethule kuphela ikhadi likagwayi lesikhumba lesikhumba, ngoba nganginesiqiniseko sokuthi angikwazanga ukuchitha izipho ezinkulu, ngakho-ke kunesidingo ngomusa.
Phakathi kweminye "imisebenzi yomphakathi", ubukhosi kufanele buphawule "patronage" walo ngefektri ye-Imperial Porcelain. Ukuqondiswa okuthandwa ngumuntu, akazange anake imibono yobuciko baleli bhizinisi. Kepha uMaria Alexandrovna wayewuthanda ngempela umsebenzi womumo waseJalimane ka-Agasti, owayefaka, wathola isikhundla semodeli esemqoka yesitshalo futhi waba ngumbhali weningi lamamodeli abunjiwe elenziwa kuleli bhizinisi eliphakathi kwe Ikhulu le-XIX. Phakathi kwemisebenzi ejwayelekile ye-shpisch izibalo zezingane, ama-amurists, izimbali ezincane ...
Ezokuzijabulisa ezingcebeleka zaziseMaria Alexandrovna ngokwesiko kwalowo omele ukukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu. Izithombe nokuqoshwa kuma-albhamu, ukufunda, umculo. ("I-Empress yayiwumculo kusihlwa kusihlwa. Kudlalwe ngumculo we-classic kuphela: Weber Trio and Septo Beethoven." Urekhodwe uFrewulin Anna Tytchev. Wayezethemba. Ukuthi ngeke bakhungatheke. Ngakho-ke, inani labakhethiweyo lalilincane kakhulu ... ") Futhi, ubukhosi bakhe buyithandile imidlalo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-salon imidlalo - ama-epigramu, ama-epigram, okubhaliwe kwezithombe ezibukhoma. .. Umbuso wabonga ukupenda, kanye nezindonga zehhovisi lakhe siqu esigodlweni sasebusika (okwakukhona futhi njengegumbi lokuphumula lokuthola izivakashi zomuntu siqu) "Madonna Litta" Leonardo Da Vinci ...
Isikhathi sokugcina sempilo kaMary Alexandrovna saphenduka baba mnyama kakhulu. Ukuqala kwakhe kwakungukufa ngo-1865. Indodana endali endalo inguZesarevich Nicholas. Futhi emva kwalokho, i-Empress yafunda ngenoveli yomyeni wakhe u-Alexander II ephethe inkosazana encane kaCatherine Dolgoruki ... ukushaywa okunzima okunjalo okuholela ekutheni kube nentshisekelo yakhe empilweni. Ngisho nomshado ophumelelayo wendodana yesibili kanye nokuvela kwabazukulu abahlekisayo akunakuba yimisebe yenjabulo yalona wesifazane. Impilo yendlovukazi yaya ngokuya icindezela lesi sifo, futhi eneminyaka engama-56 yafa kuphela.