Munthawi ya coronavirus mliri mliri, anthu adayamba kukhala ndi chidwi ndi mankhwala ndipo adachitika kale m'mbiri yakupsinjika kwa miliri. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti panali zochitika zambiri, makamaka zaka zapakati, pamene aku Europe, makamaka ku Africa, makamaka, kumveka kakang'ono ka nkhani ya ukhondo. Mosiyana ndi mayiko ambiri, ku Russia, anthu sananyalanyaze zaukhondo - chikhalidwe cha kukolola pakusamba, kusambira m'mitsinje ndi nyanja zimadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, ngakhale pamavuto amenewa, sititetezedwa ku ma virus atsopano - chiyembekezo chonse chimakhalabe madotolo ndi asayansi omwe akuyesera kukulitsa katemera wotetezeka posachedwa ndikuteteza anthu kuzovuta za matenda. Konzani kusankha kwa minda yomwe imadabwiza malingaliro a mibadwo yakale. Ntchito yathu ndikukusonyezani zomwe muyenera kukhulupirira m'tsogolo komanso yesani kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda mpaka katemera wapangidwa.
Mliriwu umabuka chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi ukhondo ndi chitetezo
Chithunzi: Unclala.com.
Mliri wa Antoninova (165-168)
Chiwerengero cha Akufa: 5 miliyoni
Choyambitsa: osadziwika
Anatchulidwa polemekeza dzina lamphamvu la Mfumu ya Roma Markor Mark AIYA, akulamulira boma zakazomwezo. Pakadali pano, lingaliro la mliri silinakhalepo, motero mliri wa Antonnov akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi wosavomerezeka pakati pa maboma. Zikumbukiro za nthawizo zasungidwa mu mbiri yakale ya Roma wakale Dr. Galiya, kotero nthawi zina amatchedwa Chuma Galen. Malaya Asia, Egypt, Greece, Italy idakhala yofunika kwambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa chake chinali kuwoneka kwa ma virus kapena chikuku - malingaliro onsewa, osatsimikiziridwabe asayansi. Ku Europe, kachilomboka kunabweretsa asirikali achi Roma omwe amabwerera mu 165 kuchokera kudera la Mesopotamia. Popeza zizindikiro za matendawa sizikudziwika kwa anthu, matendawa adafalikira mwachangu ndikuwonetsa miyoyo yambiri.
Jusninianova mliri (541-542)
Chiwerengero cha Akufa: 25 miliyoni
Chifukwa: Buboge Mliri
Wogwira ntchito woyambayo analemba mliri wa mliri, womwe unachokera mu ulamuliro wa Byzantium ndi Justinian yoyamba. Malinga ndi zomwe ananena, theka la Europe lidafa - pafupifupi anthu 25 miliyoni mchaka chimodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kotala la anthuwa adavutika m'chigawo cha Sourth Mediterranean - m'mizinda ya Port komwe anthu masauzande ambiri adachitika. Mukamaliza mliriwo, Konstantinople adakhalabe wowonongedwa - pafupifupi 40% ya anthu akumwekana nawo.
Black Mor (1346-135533)
Chiwerengero cha Akufa: 75 - 200 miliyoni
Chifukwa: Buboge Mliri
Pakati pa zaka za zana la 14, Europe, Africa ndi Asia ndi Asia ndi Asia adaphimba maziko a anthu 75-200 miliyoni omwe adafa. Kufalikira kwakukulu kotere mu ziwerengerozi kumafotokozedwa chifukwa kuwerengera sizinachitike m'maiko onse, ndipo mliriwo sunakhalepo chifukwa chaimfa yaimfa - nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri mwa anthu. Malinga ndi Olemba mbiri Ndipo pomwepo matendawa adapita munthu, ndikufalitsa anthu ambiri pagulu.
Phark Fulu (2009-2010)
"Chimfine" chinali dzina lodziwika bwino la kachilomboka, lomwe linapangitsa kuti fuluwerza padziko lonse lapansi mu 2009-2010. Mtundu wamtunduwu wa chimfine, omwe tsopano akuphatikizidwa mu katemera wa chisanu pachaka. Kachilomboka adapezeka koyamba ku Mexico mu Epulo 2009. Unadziwika kuti chimfine chimfine, chifukwa pamaonekedwe limawoneka ngati ma virus a fuluteeza omwe amakhudza nkhumba. Popeza katemera wa fuluwenza wamtunduwu sunapangidwe, atafalikira mwachangu pakati pa mayiko, mwamwayi, sanasinthe kukhala zinthu zambiri zopha nyama zopha nyama. August 10, 2010 World Health Organisation (ndani) adalengeza poyera kutha kwa mliri.
Chifukwa chachikulu choperekera kachilombo ka HIV - kugonana kosatetezeka
Chithunzi: Unclala.com.
HIV / Edzi (pa Peak, 2005-2012)
Chiwerengero cha Akufa: 36 miliyoni
Choyambitsa: HIV / Edzi
HIV ndi Edzi idapezeka mu Democratic Republic of the Congo mu 1976. Kuyambira mu 1981, pamene adafalikira ku mayiko ena, anthu opitilira 36 miliyoni adamwalira ndi matendawa. Nyama, ngati mupeza nthawi ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo, sizowopsa - munthu akhoza kukhala ndi iye momwemonso anthu athanzi. Koma mawonekedwe ake oyipa - Edzi - amawotcha "munthu pa nkhani ya zaka, chitetezo chomasuka. Pakadali pano, kachilombo ka HIV kamadwala ndi anthu 31- 35 miliyoni, cholinga chachikulu chikusungidwa kum'mwera kwa Africa, komwe kulera kumatanthauza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kapena osagwiritsidwa ntchito konse. Munthawi kuyambira 2005 mpaka 2012, kufa kwa kachirombo ka HIV / Gwers State kunatha kuchokera ku 2.2 miliyoni mpaka 1.6 miliyoni. Tsopano mphamvu za asayansi zikufunitsitsa kukulitsa mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri komanso ntchito zambiri.