- Alexander Nikolaevich, mwina simungaganizire mbiri yanu kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pamlingo wa dzikolo?
- Angadziwe ndani. Sungani masiku athu ano osadziwika - zimawononga mtengo. Zimangoganiza kuti anthu amachita okwera mtengo kwambiri kuti akapezekepo. Sindikufuna kuchita izi. Nthawi zina ndimakoka china chake, zina zonse zapamtima. Mwachitsanzo, ndili ndi buku "1962", lomwe ndimakambirana kwa mwana, ndipo pamenepo ndimafotokoza kuti mwakambidwe, moona, m'malo mowona, m'malo mwa mayi anga, nkhani zabanja. Koma ndimachita mosamala kwambiri. M'nthawi, aliyense akamagulitsidwa - munthu ayenera kukhala wake.
- Komabe, malingaliro anu amawerengedwa kuti ndi odalirika, nthawi zambiri mumapatsidwa ndemanga za ndemanga ndi zandale, komanso mbiri yakale. Chifukwa chake, ndizosangalatsa kudziwa zambiri za inu. Ndidalemba kumapeto kwanu biography mwachidule kuti mwasankha tsogolo lanu. Nditamaliza sukulu, luso la ku Russia ndi mabuku linasankhidwa, ndipo zitatha izi, ntchito yanu idayamba pang'onopang'ono. Mwinanso, iyi ndi talente yapadera - kuti mudzipeze ngati izi nthawi yomweyo?
- Chigawo chili ndi mawu abwino: ndikofunikira kupeza zinyalala pakhosi. Ndinali ndi mwayi: Ndinamupeza nthawi yomweyo. Kusukulu, ndimaphunzira bwino m'maphunziro onse. Ndipo mwachangu adaponyedwa masamu, omwe poyamba ndidakhala ndi zabwino. Osati chifukwa ine ndinalibe maluso, koma chifukwa sindingathe kuchita zomwe sindiri ndi chidwi. Ndi mawu omwe ndimakondwera nawo. Ndipo ziribe kanthu zomwe ndichita, chilichonse, mwanjira ina kapena chimzake, zimalumikizana ndi izo. Mailesi ndi mabuku. Gawo lomwe ndimatha kuzindikira ndekha - iyi mwina ndi bizinesi. Koma sindikundikonda. Osati chifukwa sindimakonda ndalama. (Sindikulakwira ndalama, koma ayenera kukhala m'malo awo m'moyo.) Ndipo chifukwa ndikudziwa kuti ndiye kuti sindidzakhala wosangalala kapena sindikhutira ndi tsogolo langa. Ozolot ine, koma tayikani zomwe ndikudabwa - sindikufuna.
- Chikondi choterocho kwa mabuku - kodi mwina chingabweretsedwe? Mwinanso mudakula mu banja lowerenga?
- ayi. Ndinali mayi ndekha, sanakwatirane, ankagwira ntchito ngati wamba pa wailesi. Mamena anamwalira m'mawa kwambiri, ndipo anandibweretsera agogo anga aakazi, agogo ake aakazi, omwe amakhala msinkhu kwambiri. Amagwira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi wa makalasi akulu. Ndiye kuti, tinali ndi banja wamba la Soviet. Ndinakulira kunja kwa Moscow, "Moyo pansanja." Koma nthawi ina m'moyo, ndinali ndi mwayi wokongola. Ndinapita kunyumba yachifumu ya piyano kulembedwa muzojambula. Ndipo panjira, mwa mwayi, chifukwa kampaniyo, adalembedwa mu zozungulira. Popeza ayenera kukhala wachinyamata, ndinalemba ndakatulo zonse za Grafman, koma sindinawerenge mabuku. Ndipo panali mkazi m'nyumba yachifumu ya piyano, yemwe amapanga kalembedwe kake kochokera kwa ine. Zinaida Nikolaevna Novlyanskaya - Zikomo Mulungu, ali moyo komanso wathanzi. Anali wa zamaphunziro ang'onoang'ono ndipo amatipatsa zitsanzo zingapo. Chofunika chiti chomwe chimagwira ntchito ku Rowal cha apainiya ndi malipiro a 17 ruble pa gulu. Ndiye kuti, adachita izi kuti sakhala ndalama, koma china chovuta kwambiri. Ndipo apa Iye anatitsogolera ife, ndipo osapanga ife ti ife, tiyamika Mulungu, olemba, silinali kusankha kwa atope amtsogolo. Koma zinali zokopa kuti munthu alowa ndi mabuku ndipo pali zinthu zina zamkati zomwe zatsekedwa mpaka pano. Ndipo apo ndidazindikira kuti ndili ndi chilengedwe. Kusukulu, sindinakhale ndi ubale ndi anzathu akusukulu, sitinakhale ndi chidwi komanso chidwi. Ndipo ndi anyamata omwe ndidakumana nawo mozungulira mu 1976, timalankhulanso. Ndimakumbukira njira zathu zochezeka pambuyo pa mapiri a Leninsky m'mphepete mwa Petrovy Monch kupita ku malo achikhalidwe, pomwe makolo athu osauka akalumpha kuti atenge "malo awiri" ndipo Ayimbireni. Pamene mwana wamkazi wambiri adandiuza kuti: "Inde, simunakhale ndi mafoni, koma anali amithenga." Ayi, sitinakhale ndi amithenga. (Kuseka.)
Ine sindine banja laluntha: moyo wauzimu wa chidzikoŵa panja. Koma nthawi ina ndinakhala ndi mwayi wodabwitsa: Ndinalowa muzungu. .
- Ndi ntchito ziti zomwe mudakula?
- Monga ndakatulo, ndinamwalira pa Pasternak. Amati ukulu wa wolemba amayeza kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwake pang'onopang'ono kukula kwa mabuku ndi olemba angati omwe adawononga. Chifukwa chake ndidandiwononga ine pasternak. Ndinapita kwa iye ndi mutu wanga. Zina zonse zinali msonkhano wanga wowerenga kwambiri (nthawiyo panali ntchito yotere, ndipo anthu amapita ku makonsati, komwe ochita seweroli amawerenga ndakatulo ndi Spors) DmitvyEvich zhuravlev. Anali ndi zolembedwa pamanja zomwe zidaperekedwa kwa iye pa Pasternak. Tangoganizirani kuti ndi chiyani? Onani momwe analemba, zolemba zouluka izi, zomwe adasankha zosankha. Pasternak sanadutse mawuwo, koma amazikhomera ndi zidutswa kuti mutha kuzimiririka ndikuwona zomwe zidalipo. Chifukwa chake ndinakulira pa Pasternak, kenako ku Instaute, Pustinkin adanditsegulira, ndipo mabuku onse padziko lonse lapansi adamtsata. Ndili m'lingaliro ili.
- Lero nthawi zonse pamakhala ndemanga zonse zosiya mabuku. Kodi mungasankhe bwanji ntchito zomwe muyenera kuwerenga kuchokera ku unyinji wa zosindikizidwa?
- Pali mafunso awiri amodzi. Ndine wowerenga, ndipo ine - ngati msakatuli. Monga msakatuli, ndikukakamizidwa kutenga zinthu zatsopano zomwe mwina zatsala pang'ono kutuluka kapena kutuluka. Ayenera kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Ndipo monga owerenga ndimachita mosiyana. Ngati timalankhula za buku la pepala, ndiye kuti ndimagula, monga lamulo, kawiri pachaka. Nditenga chikwama chachikulu, ndikupita ku Mescow Bukhu Lake, ndikupeza, ndiye kuti ndimayala pansi, ndimachokera kumwamba, ndipo ndidawerenga. Ndinapita - ndikupitiliza, sindinapite, ndikuchedwetsa. Popeza ndinasiya kuchita zachiwerewere, ubwenzi wanga ndi mabuku tsopano ndibwino: Sindimayenera kuwerenga. Uwu ndi mwayi waukulu: Pali Labud - ndipo ndimvere chisoni kuti athere naye nthawi. Ndipo zikhoza kukhala mabuku aliwonse - chiwembu, osati chiwembu, aluntha, ofufuza, omasulira, mbadwa, postmomodern, wowona.
- Kodi mabuku amakonda mapepala?
- mosiyana. Ndili ndi owerenga angapo. Ndimayendetsa kwambiri, ndipo mwina mutha kutsitsa laibulale yonse ndikunyamula naye. Ndizabwino. Ndipo buku la pepala ndi lokongola. Koma si mkhalidwe wopezeka mabuku, ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yake yokha. Ndipo popeza ndazolowera kale, ndikanamuka chifukwa chiyani?
- Muli ndi liti laibulale?
- Mabuku atatu a mabuku atatu - dziko lonse lapansi lakale kuyambira kalekale ndi lakale. Ndizolondola mu nthawi, ndi dzina lomaliza. Nthawi ina, ndinadzipereka ndekha ndi lamulo: wina anayambitsa chimodzi. Siyani mabuku amenewo omwe ndiziwerenga. Chifukwa chake, sindinakakamize mzere wachiwiri wa mashelufu kuti zisathe kunyengedwa ndikuwayika. Mabuku omwe amaimira m'mizere iwiri kale adamwalira kale. Koma, zikuoneka kuti, muyenera kubwerera pa mfundo yanga, chifukwa tsopano Toma wayamba kale kusasa pansi.
- Kunali nyumba ya apainiya, yolemba kalembedwe kazilemba ... Ndipo pambuyo pa zaka za zana loyamba, munaganiza zopita kwa mphunzitsiyo, koma kuti tichite nawo mabuku?
- moona mtima, bwanji ndidapita kwa progogical? Amayi analibe mwayi woti azilipira pokonzekera kuyunivesite. M'mayeso, ndikanatsimikiziridwa kuti ndilephera chilankhulo, koma osati kokha. Ndipo ine sindimafuna kwa ine mu gulu lankhondo: lidali chaka cha 1979, miyezi ingapo itatsala pamaso pa Afghanistan. Chifukwa chake, ndinapita kukayikira pang'ono, monga chowopsa: Choyamba, anyamata amafunikira pamenepo, ndipo kachiwiri - mpikisano wocheperako. Koma sindinakhalepo kwa mphunzitsi. Sindimakonda sukulu konse, sindimakonda kumvera. Ndipo mchaka choyamba, ndinapita kukagwira ntchito kunyumba yachifumu ya apainiyawa, ndiye kuti, Buku lidatsegulidwa kwa zaka 18, ngati mutu wa owerengeka. Dziwani kuti m'nthawi yathu itatha itayambitsanso kufalitsa. Koma popeza sindinafune kupita kusukulu, ndinangoyankha mawu omaliza kuti sindingathe kuphunzitsa Asthma. Ndinkanenanso kanthu kuti ndi zofunika pamenepo, ndipo kumbuyo kwanga. Ngakhale atha kukhala pamtunda, inde. (Kuseka.)
- kenako ndinayamba mitengo?
- Woyamba wailesi. Pambuyo pa nyumba ya apainiyawa, komwe ine, ndikubwereza, ndagwira ntchito kwa a Ruble mwezi (poyerekeza, wophunzira wophunzirayo anali 40. Ndinali nthawi yotsiriza m'moyo wanga. Amayi, omwe amagwira ntchito m'bwalo la olembera, adapita kukandipempherera, ndipo ndili ndi ntchito. Koma pachabe ndinapita kumeneko. Kunali chete kwa mphamvu ya Soviet, ndipo ndinatha kugwira kukongola kwa nthawi imeneyo. Chifukwa chake, ndikandiuza kuti ndi mphamvu ya Soviet panali chikhalidwe chachikulu - ndikudziwa kuti ndikutsimikiza kuti izi ndi zosasangalatsa. Pa wayilesi amapezeka azachipatala a m'badwo wopuma pantchito, ndipo mkonzi wanga wamkulu adagwira ntchito kumeneko kuyambira 1953, ndiye kuti, kuchokera pakufa kwa Stalin. Ndipo tulutsani ana mpaka golichev adabwera. Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi inayi, ndidathawa pamenepo, kenako ndidatengedwa kupita ku Jouna "kukhala bwenzi la anthu", kubwezeretsanso. Mu 24, ndinayamba kukhala wachikulire ndipo ndimakumbukira bwino mkazi wanga (ndinali nditakwatirana nthawi imeneyo) ndipo ndinamuuza kuti: "Mungandithokoze, ndinafika kwambiri pantchito yanu." Chifukwa zinali zomveka kuti ngati sindinalowe nawo phwandolo (ndipo izi sizinali m'makonzedwe anga), ndiye kuti ili ndi denga. Komanso, ndinakhalabe njira zochepa, zomwe zinandikhutiritsa. Woyamba ndi wotsutsa. Koma sindinkafuna kukhala osokoneza, ndimawalemekeza kwambiri, koma osati anga. Yachiwiri ndikuchokapo. Sindikufuna. Nkhondo ndi chiyani? Ndipo wachitatu ndi kugona. Bwino. Mwamwayi, kutenga kutali, chifukwa kenako zonse zinali kusweka. Ndipo kenako zinali zosangalatsa m'magaziniyo. Tangosindikiza "ana a Arbat", onsewa amapezeka ndi Republics. Unali "ubwenzi wa mitundu ya anthu". Theka la nthawi yomwe ndinakhala paulendo wamabizinesi - Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan. Ku Kazakhstan mu 1986 adawona kuyankhula koyamba kwa achinyamata ndi mawu amtundu wa dziko lonse. Ndimamva kusintha mwanjira, zomwe nkhaniyi idakonzedwa. Inali mwayi wosaneneka, ndipo mwamwayi, ndinawagwiritsa ntchito mwayi.
Ulendo waposachedwa wa Bizinesi kupita ku Yakutsk adadabwa ndi chisanu chonse cha masika ndikukweza momwe agalu. .
- Mumasamala kwambiri za zochitika zandale, chifukwa ziyenera kukhala za Atate akumayang'anira. Luntha likanena kuti muli ndi ana anayi ...
- Inde. Sindidzatcha wina ndi dzina, sindikudziwa ngati adzakhuta. Awa ndi ana ochokera kumaukwati awiri, ndipo ankakula tsiku limodzi. Wokalamba - 25, adamaliza maphunziro awo ku Mehmat, koma adatetezedwa pazilankhulo, tsopano amaphunzitsa kale pasukulu yapamwamba ya chuma. Ambiri omwe amaphunziridwa pazachuma ku Moscow State University, ndipo tsopano akumaliza kamisinkhuli pasukulu yapamwamba ku mbiri ya zandale. Imagwira ntchito ku News Agency. Mwana wamkazi wapakati amaphunzirabe kusukulu, ali ndi zaka 14 mpaka tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo wam'ng'onokambiyo chaka chino - 11. Ndani angafune kukhala ndi moyo - iyi ndi ntchito yawo. Ndi chilankhulo chiti chomwe chingakwanitse, azivala. Mayi anga sanandipatse ntchito yosankha, ndipo sindingawakakamize.
- Panjira, za malo okhala. Ndinu nthawi yambiri yocheza ku France. Dziko lanu lachilendo?
- Dziko langa lokondedwa ndi Switzerland, komwe ndimagwira ntchito mu 90s. Linali mwezi wosangalala, ndinali ndi trimester ya chilimwe. Ndidalandira miyezi itatu ya malipiro a ku Switzer, ndipo chaka chotsalira chimakhala pamenepo. Ndipo izi, panjira, ndinali wokhoza kundiphunzitsa - ndinali pulofesa wa ku Moscow Condrvatory pa dipatimenti ya anthu. Inali pangano langa kwambiri m'moyo, pomwe zidalembedwa kuti ndinali ndi ufulu wakusowa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chaka chophunzirira. (Kuseka.) Ndipo tsopano - inde, ndimakhala ku France. Zinachitika. Ndili pa amayi anga - Southerner ndi kwa zizindikiro zina zamankhwala nthawi zina zimawerengedwa nyengo zazitali. Kuno ku France, ndimakhala nawo. Ndipo popeza nyumbayo ndi yotsikamira m'mudzimo kuposa ku Moscow, ndiye munthu aliyense wopeza malipiro oyera amatha kutenga ngongole ndikugula palibe nyumba yotsika mtengo. Sindikutanthauza Paris.
- Koma mu zilankhulo zakunja womwe suyankhula zakunja?
- ayi. Tsoka ilo, ndilibe chilankhulo. Koma ana anga akunena zonse bwino ndipo muyenera kundiseka. Koma ndizosangalatsa kwambiri, chifukwa mumamvetsetsa - ana adakuposani.
- Ndiye, mwina, mwina ndiuzeni za amayi awo?
- Mkazi wanga woyamba anali Julia. Imagwira ntchito pafupi ndi mpingo. Lachiwiri - Maria, amagwira ntchito kwa mtolankhani. Tikukhala m'dera la Arbat. Apanso, tinali ndi mwayi kwabwino kwambiri: Nthawi ina tinali pachiwopsezo chotenga ngongole ndikugula nyumba pakati pamtengo, pomwe zimavuta kukhulupirira lero.
- Yendani mozungulira Arbat, mwina ngati mfulu.
- Osayendanso, ndilibe masewera mu chaka changa chatha ndi theka. Zoipa kwambiri. Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndikadzabala mapulani anga, osachepera ndidzabweranso pamasewera. Ndipo kotero ndikukonzekera kuuluka kakhumi miyezi iwiri, ndikusintha ndikulimbikira. Moscow ndi mzinda wolimba. Zimamuyendera bwino pano, koma ndizosatheka kuti zilembe ndikupanga china chake. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kutengera kanthawi, kubwezeretsanso, koma dzipangeni.
- Chaka chatha, mudali ndi zaka 50. Tsiku lofunikira. Kodi mukuganiza kuti ntchito yanu yoyambira idalembedwa kale kapena m'tsogolo?
- Iyi ndi nkhani ya kusintha kosayenera. Amafunsidwa ambiri kwa iwo okha, koma alibe yankho. Ndikukhulupirira kuti buku lililonse lotsatira likhala labwinoko kuposa zomwe zidawombera chilichonse zikhala bwino kuposa zomwe zidachitika kale. AMBUYE anandipatsa mwayi woti ndiyesere ndekha kupita kwina, koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndipo khalani ndi ngwazi zanga, khalani sinema kapena manambala ena amoyo. Ndimangogwira ntchito yanga, ndipo sindisamala kuti zimulipire, ngakhale atagulitsa ndalama, nthawi yochuluka bwanji yomwe idzakhala. Njira ndiyofunikira. Wina afunsa: Kodi mwakhuta kapena kusangalala? Ndipamene buku limatuluka - ndakhuta. Ndipo ndikamulembera - m'malo mosangalala.