Nws txhua tus pib nrog "Elixir ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag". Kev tsim ntawm cov tshuaj zoo heev rau ntau tshaj li ib txhiab xyoo dhau los, Taoist teev tau koom rau hauv nyuaj monks. Lawv tau sim ua cov tshuaj sib txawv, sib txawv lawv cov proportions, ua kom sov, txias. Qhov tshwm sim tau npaj txhij txog: tus sim "cov hmoov ntawm dub, uas, thaum tsis zoo nrog hiss thiab rais, rhuav txhua yam nyob ib puag ncig. Ntawm no koj thiab tus Elixir ntawm txoj sia nyob mus ib txhis!
Ua tiav "kev tsim kho tshiab" ntawm Suav: lawv cov hmoov zoo) lawv tau raug hu ua kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, uas tau ua rau muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb ntawm kev ntseeg hnub so ntawm tus tshiab Lub rooj sib tham xyoo. Thawj qhov kev hais txog qhov kev tshwm sim tau tshwj tseg hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib qho ntawm lub tsev fuabtais Suav Emperor, tab sis cov qauv ntawm Gunpowders rau lub hom phiaj tub rog tau tuav tsuas yog siv xyoo pua xii)
Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua Xiii, Suav Craftsmen tau tsim cov khoom sib xyaw tshiab, uas thaum hluav taws tuaj yeem tsim "hluav taws kub" ntawm cov xim sib txawv thiab txawm muaj cov duab sib txawv. Zoo sib xws "qhia" ua rau cua daj cua dub ntawm kev lom zem ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws uas tau mus saib subwayless faj tim teb chaws. Txawm hais tias pyrotechnic "paub-li cas" tau raug txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv Suav teb nrog ib qho kev tiv thaiv pej xeem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, txhua tus qauv ntawm "hauv lub xyoo pua" hauv lub Kaum-caug. tau mus rau Tebchaws Europe. Yog muaj lub laj thawj ntseeg tias tus neeg paub zoo txog Medieval ncig tebchaws Marco los ua kev zais ntshis. Cov neeg Italians muab tawm los ua cov yy yias tshaj plaws ntawm Pyrotechnic cov kev xav coj tuaj ntawm sab hnub tuaj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no yuav luag 500 xyoo dhau los ib phau ntawv tau luam tawm nyob hauv Tebchaws Europe nrog cov lus qhia ntawm lub cuab yeej hluav taws xob - "De la PiroexNnika".
Tsarist Hlub
Peb lub teb chaws ntawm kev lom zem pyrotechnic hauv nruab nrab hnub nyoog tsis tau lag ntoo tom qab lub ntiaj teb qub. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub ntawm Dmitry Donskoy, hauv 1389 hauv Moscow nthuav tawm "teeb funct" (txawm yog txawv teb chaws). Tus masters ntawm "hluav taws ua haujlwm" tau tshwm sim hauv Lavxias yuav luag 200 xyoo tom qab. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm XVI caug xyoo, hauv ib qho ntawm kev tua hluav taws tau tsim tsa lub luag haujlwm tsim cov hluav taws xob ", npaj cov nqi tsim nyog thiab khiav lawv thaum hnub so.
Thawj lub foob pob hluav taws loj hauv tebchaws Russia tau coj qhov chaw tom qab lub pob nyob rau lub sijhawm 18th hnub ntawm Petus hauv 1690.
Cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws Lavxias yog hauv cov phau ntawv qub. Hollandets Baltazar Koet, piv txwv li, ntawm Contrad van Klenka rau lub caij ntuj no ntawm 1676 hauv Veliky Ustyug ntawm cov sijhawm ntawm cov neeg txawv tebchaws Cov. Cov qhua qhuas cov lus "tw tsho" Rockets nrog fiery log ... koj tuaj yeem pom cov foob pob hluav taws ... koj tuaj yeem pom cov foob pob hluav taws ... koj tuaj yeem pom cov pob hluav taws, qhia nyob rau hauv lub roob Moscow.
Lub xyoo pua Kaum yim tau dhau los ua ib xyoo pua ntawm kev foob pob hluav taws rau Lavxias. "Cov sawv cev hluav taws" suav nrog tsis tsuas yog Pyrotechnic nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj pleev xim, duab puab, suab paj nruag. Cov kev ua no, haum rau ntawm cov chaw tshwj xeeb, kav ntev li 2-3 teev thiab qee zaum nthuav tawm rau hauv kev ua yeeb yam tiag, uas muaj ntau yam ntawm ntu. Lawv txawm yuav tau sau cov lus tshwj xeeb - yog li cov neeg tuaj saib tsis tau txais kev txwv tsis meej pem hauv kev txwv thiab "contour" Pyrotechnic tsub. Feem ntau lawv tau ua txawb thiab hauv chav kawm ntawm kev nthuav qhia "tuaj rau lub neej", tsiv hauv qhov chaw nrog kaum ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Petr Kuv tau suav hais tias yog tus kiv cua loj ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws. Rov qab thaum lub Ob Hlis 1690, thaum xyoo 18 ntawm tus txiv neej tsis tau hais lus "tau xauj tsev. Nws yog thawj lub foob pob hluav taws kub thawj zaug hauv Russia. Nws raug nqi ua tiav ntawm 10 txhiab rublesbles (rau kev sib piv: tus nyuj ces raug nqi tsuas yog 3 rubles). Ua tsaug rau cov duab ntawm hmoov masters, lub ntuj tshwm sim, piv txwv, hercules, kua muag lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus tsov ntxhuav ...
Tus tsar Reformer sib sau ua ke hauv nws lub tsev qiv ntawv ntiag tug tsis yog txhua phau ntawv ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws, sau cov qauv tshiab "ntxiv rau, Peter Installation." Muaj, hauv 1707, lub foob pob hluav taws tau ua tiav, uas tuaj yeem nce ib tus zuj zus mus rau ib mais nrog tus hmoov them!
Ua tsaug rau Peter Aleksevich, "Teeb fimars" tig mus ua tus cwj pwm yuav tsum tau ua koob tsheej tseem ceeb. Nws yog qhov no tsis tswm tus kheej taub hau ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm xyoo pua XVII rau lub teeb rau lub ntsej muag nyob rau xyoo tshiab thiab tsim kev lom zem tshiab. Ntxiv mus, txhua txhua xyoo tshiab lub pob hluav taws tau muaj qee txoj kev thauj khoom. Nws, raws li nws tau, sau lub xyoo tas los thiab hais txog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb - ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, txog kev ua tub rog.
Piv txwv li, cov teeb fement teeb pom rau Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1710, tau mob siab rau yeej dhau lub Swedish King Karl XII thaum Poltava. Cov neeg saib xyuas kev qhuas cov duab sib piv tau ntau yam: "Roob Pob Zeb, uas yog lub xeev Swedish. Tus tsov ntxhuav tawm ntawm lub roob yog tub rog Swedish. Ib tug ncej nrog lub kaus mom, uas qhia tau lub xeev ntawm Polish (...) Tom qab ntawd yog ib pab tub rog, thiab nws tau muab faib nrog tus xub uas muaj hluav taws xob zoo ... "
"Stuffing" los ntawm Lomonosov
Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm XVIII caug xyoo. Hais txog ntawm lub cuab yeej ntawm "fun fun funs" thiab illuminations, Lavxias tau dhau tag nrho lwm cov tebchaws European. Saum toj no kev txhim kho pyrotechnic tshiab tau tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tawm txawm tias muaj suab npe rau peb cov universal Lomonosov. Los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm empress Elizabeth Petrovna (uas tau txais kev hlub ntawm "hluav taws" - txhawm rau sau cov ntawv cim tom ntej " Sau cov paj huam rau cov sawv cev ntawm Grand Pyrotechnic, npaj cov duab kos ntawm cov scenery thiab cov duab ...
Txawm li cas los xij, cov feem ntau nthuav rau tus kws tshawb fawb yog, tau kawg, ua haujlwm nrog tshuaj lom neeg "stuffing". Ua tsaug rau ntau cov kev sim ua kom muaj ntau yam kev ntsuas cov roj ntsha ua kom muaj peev xwm tawg tau ntau lub suab nrov, thiab cov ciav dej ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tsaug rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm Mikhail Vasilyevich rau ib txwm muaj dua ib qho - ntsuab (hauv cov qauv tshawb fawb tau sau: "Tam sim no chav kuaj Clementev nyob hauv kuv saib nrhiav nrhiav kuv txoj kev coj, yuav ua li cas rau cov foob pob hluav taws caij ntsuab ... ") Western Europe tau txais cov lus zais no los ntawm Russia.
Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv XIX xyoo pua, zam rau cov foob pob hluav taws peb tau mus kom meej meej, thiab muaj qhov tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub "kev tua hluav taws". Txawm tias cov hnub so tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws tau ua tiav tsis muaj pyrotechnic dai kom zoo. Muaj tseeb, txij li xyoo 1943, Muscovites tau txais kev qhuas cov nyiaj txiag ntawm kev tua hluav taws Morrti, tau npaj rau hnub ua tub rog thiab "hnub liab".